Analysis of Platelet Counts and Platelet-Derived Growth Factor-Bb Levels in Platelet Rich Plasma Produced with Edta as Anticoagulant in Three Different Centrifugation Methods

Abstract

Background: Platelet rich plasma (PRP) is an autologous product made of whole blood through centrifugation process producing high platelet concentrate in a small volume of plasma. This high platelet concentrate can lead to high growth factor levels that play important roles in the nature of thrombosis, hemostasis and wound healing. PRP has been widely used in clinical setting, however standardized procedure of PRP production has been lacking, mainly the procedure related to duration and speed of centrifugation, and also anticoagulant used. Aim: To analyze the difference between platelet counts and PDGF-BB levels in PRP produced from various preparation methods (centrifugation speed and duration), using Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid /EDTA as anticoagulant. Method: This study used experimental laboratory design, involving 34 healthy volunteers that met inclusion criteria. These subjects were divided into three groups with different centrifugation methods that adopted from previous study. Results: The platelet counts was found in group 1, 2, and 3 with an increase of, 2,69, 3,69, and 2,53 times from the initial platelet counts respectively and there was significant difference between platelet counts before and after treatment on three groups that used EDTA (p=0,000, p=0,003, and p=0,002 for group 1, 2 and 3 respectively). PDGF-BB levels in this group was also higher than the remaining groups. Conclusion: The highest platelet counts and PDGF-BB levels was found in PRP with EDTA produced from first spin at 2800 RPM in five minutes, and second spin at 3800 RPM in seven minutes. This study suggests further research on qualitative assessments of platelets and PDGF-BB resulted from various preparation methods (centrifugation and anticoagulant usage).