Abstract
We analyze the performance of the surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) substrate based on high-density gold nanostar nanoparticle (GNS) arrays assembled on the gold film and embedded in the human skin tissue as a surrounding medium. A self-assembled monolayer (SAM) of 3-aminopropyltriethoxy silane (APTES) is used for immobilizing GNSs on the Au film. The GNS–Au film and GNS–GNS coupling in the gap regions and also the GNSs interparticle coupling at their branches are observed, so the GNS arrays show more field enhancements and the sensitivity of the GNS sensor can be increased further. When the SERS substrate based on the GNS arrays is excited by a 785-nm laser line, a maximum enhancement factor (EF) of 109 is observed. It is demonstrated that the normalized EF depends on the geometry of the GNSs, the thickness of the Au film, and the separation distance between the cores of the GNSs.
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