Abstract
Paracetamol (PAR), Pseudoephedrine hydrochloride (PSE) and cetirizine dihydrochloride (CET) is a ternary mixture that composes tablets which are popular for the relief of flu in Egypt. The spectra of the drugs were overlapped and no spectrophotometric methods were reported to resolve the mixture. This research proposes four spectrophotometric methods that are efficient and require water only as a solvent. The first method was ratio subtraction-ratio difference method (RSDM) where PAR was initially removed from the mixture by ratio subtraction and determined at 292.4 nm, then PSE and CET were quantified by subtracting the amplitudes of their ratio spectra between 257.0 and 230.0 nm for PSE and between 228.0 and 257.0 nm for CET. The second method was derivative ratio spectra—zero crossing (DRZC) which was based on determining both PSE and CET from the zero-crossing points of the first and third derivative of their ratio spectra at 252.0 and 237.0 nm, respectively while PAR was determined using its first derivative at 292.4 nm. Moreover, the ternary mixture was resolved using successive derivative ratio (SDR) method where PAR, PSE and CET were determined at 310.2, 257.0 and 242.4 nm, respectively. The fourth proposed method was pure component contribution algorithm (PCCA) which was applied to quantify the drugs at their λmax. Recovery percentages for RSDM were 100.7 ± 1.890, 99.69 ± 0.8400 and 99.38 ± 1.550; DRZC were 101.8 ± 0.8600, 99.04 ± 1.200 and 98.95 ± 1.300; SDR were 101.9 ± 1.060, 99.59 ± 1.010 and 100.2 ± 0.6300; PCCA were 101.6 ± 1.240, 99.10 ± 0.5400 and 100.4 ± 1.800 for PAR, PSE and BRM; respectively. The suggested methods were effectively applied to analyze laboratory prepared mixtures and their combined dosage form.
Highlights
The drugs under study in this research include paracetamol (PAR), pseudoephedrine HCl (PSE) and cetirizine dihydrochloride (CET)
The ternary mixture is present in the Egyptian market as Allercet C old® and it is famous for its effectiveness in relieving symptoms associated with common cold, sinusitis and flu
Chromatographic methods are usually chosen for the analysis of such mixtures, in the past few years the mathematical spectrophotometric methods have significantly substituted chromatography as they offer some advantages of being rapid, simple to apply, do not need any optimization of conditions, sensitive and cost-effective
Summary
The drugs under study in this research include paracetamol (PAR), pseudoephedrine HCl (PSE) and cetirizine dihydrochloride (CET). PAR (N-(4-hydroxyphenyl) acetamide) [1] is an analgesic and an antipyretic, used to treat many conditions such as muscle ache, tooth ache and arthritis [2]. PSE ((1S,2S)-2-(methylamino)-1-phenylpropan-1-ol hydrochloride) [1], is a nasal decongestant which acts by reducing inflamed membranes of mucosa, it is used for bronchodilation [2]. CET ((RS)-2-[2-[4-[(4-chlorophenyl) phenylmethyl]piperazin-1-yl]ethoxy] acetic acid dihydrochloride) [1], is an antihistamine known for its stabilizing effect on mast-cells used in the treatment of allergies [2]. The ternary mixture is present in the Egyptian market as Allercet C old® and it is famous for its effectiveness in relieving symptoms associated with common cold, sinusitis and flu.
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