Abstract
Objective: The study was intended to explore whether Monosodium glutamate (MSG) induces oxidative stress on the liver of Wistar albino rats when fed chronically at three different doses, namely, low, mid, and high doses identical to human consumption doses in growing countries. Methods: The acclimatized Wistar albino rats (n=24) were randomly selected and grouped into four groups, namely Control, Low dose MSG (180 mg kg), Mid dose MSG (360 mg/kg), and High dose MSG (720 mg/kg). The animals were orally administered MSG for 120 days. After completion of the experimental period (120 days), euthanized animal liver was homogenized to investigate the oxidative stress marker enzymes such as Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx), Catalase (CAT), and Myeloperoxidase (MPO). Results: The MPO showed a significant increase (p<0.05) in liver homogenate of all MSG induced groups when compared to control group. The SOD, CAT, and GPx activity deteriorated (p<0.05) in monosodium induced groups contrasting to the control group. Conclusion: The effects of MSG on oxidative stress markers on liver homogenate in the current study exhibited erratic abnormal changes in oxidative stress markers of monosodium induced groups which contemplate the harmful effects of MSG consumed chronically. The further studies should confirm the genetic basis of oxidative stress damage and transform the safety regulations of MSG consumption throughout the world.
Highlights
The term “food additive” is inevitable in present day lifestyle as global food industry grown exponentially with the use of food flavors to attract consumers globally
We tried to explore whether chronic consumption of Monosodium glutamate (MSG) at three different doses induces oxidative stress in liver of Wistar albino rats based on human consumption of MSG
The study results found significant differences (p
Summary
The term “food additive” is inevitable in present day lifestyle as global food industry grown exponentially with the use of food flavors to attract consumers globally. The regular daily consumption of MSG in industrialized country is about 0.3–1g/day, which is alarmingly increasing many times in developing countries [4]. ROS is composed of superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, hydroxyl radicals, and singlet oxygen. The high metabolic activity of the liver attributes to its increase in free radical production naturally, which is counteracted by the endogenous antioxidant system [9]. Oxidative stress in the liver induced by MSG can be explained by exhausting endogenous antioxidants namely Catalase (CAT), Superoxide dismutase (SOD), and reduced glutathione [10,11]. We tried to explore whether chronic consumption of MSG at three different doses (low, mid, and high) induces oxidative stress in liver of Wistar albino rats based on human consumption of MSG
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