Abstract
We reported electrical circuit modeling to analyze the optical performance degradation in an ion-doped liquid-crystal (LC) cell, which exhibited advantages, such as excellent optical performance and simple switching process, but suffered from long-term reliability issues. When an electric field was applied to the cell for an extended period of time, the optical performance became nonuniform, and the haze in the opaque state decreased. By measuring the impedance and fitting the measured data by using an equivalent circuit model, we confirmed the changes of the parameters in the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and electrophysical properties of the ion-doped LC cell with time. According to the measurement of the optical and physical characteristics, the optical performance degradation was caused mainly by the ionic materials.
Highlights
IntroductionLight-shutter technologies, such as liquid crystals (LCs), electrochromic materials, and suspended particles, have been actively studied for automotive, architecture, outdoor, and display applications [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20]
ΑV0 where v is the drift velocity of the ions, E is the electric field intensity, fpeak is the frequency of the maximum value of the dielectric-loss–tangent spectrum, V 0 is the effective voltage across the electrodes of the liquid crystals (LCs) cell, and α = CDL /CLC is the attenuation coefficient measured under an applied voltage, in which CDL represents the double-layer capacitance governed by the space charges near the electrodes [33,35]
We studied the degradation issue in the ion-doped LC cell for light-shutter applications
Summary
Light-shutter technologies, such as liquid crystals (LCs), electrochromic materials, and suspended particles, have been actively studied for automotive, architecture, outdoor, and display applications [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20]. The haze in the opaque state is very high, owing to the strong scattering of the incident light by the electrohydrodynamic instability without polymer structure or complicated patterned electrodes [18,19] It is switchable between the three states—the initial transparent, haze-free opaque, and high-haze opaque states— by changing the applied voltage without complicated switching process or patterned electrodes [19]. Studies about the long-term reliability issue in an ion-doped LC cell is still necessary for light shutter applications To overcome these critical issues caused by the ionic materials, investigation of the changes in the optical and physical parameters during performance degradation is essential. This could provide an effective analysis method to improve its reliability
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