Abstract
Left ventricular assist devices provide circulatory support to patients with end-stage heart failure. The standard operating conditions of the pump imply limitations on the rotation speed of the rotor. In this work we validate a model for three pumps (Sputnik 1, Sputnik 2, Sputnik D) using a mock circulation facility and known data for the pump HeartMate II. We combine this model with a 1D model of haemodynamics in the aorta and a lumped model of the left heart with valves dynamics. The model without pump is validated with known data in normal conditions. Simulations of left ventricular dilated cardiomyopathy show that none of the pumps are capable of reproducing the normal stroke volume in their operating ranges while complying with all criteria of physiologically feasible operation. We also observe that the paediatric pump Sputnik D can operate in the conditions of adult circulation with the same efficiency as the adult LVADs.
Highlights
Left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) provide a therapeutic option to treat patients with end-stage heart failure (HF)
We show that Sputnik D was initially designed for paediatric patients, it can operate in the conditions of adult circulation at a higher pump speed, with about the same efficiency as adult LVADs
Simulations with these parameters without LVAD produce values of stroke volume of left ventricle (LV), systolic and diastolic pressures in the aortic root which are in a good agreement with the well-known physiological data [35,50]
Summary
Left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) provide a therapeutic option to treat patients with end-stage heart failure (HF). LVAD connects the left ventricle (LV) and the aortic arch (AA), provides pulsatile or continuous blood flow and maintains circulatory support. The total aortic flow is the sum of the LV and LVAD outflows. LVAD decreases the work of the LV on ejecting blood to the aorta. The outflow from the LVAD to the aorta depends on the pressure drop over the LVAD. The pressure drop over LVAD is a complex interplay of many factors including LV contraction and ejection, aortic valve function, aorta extensibility and outflow to the distal parts of the systemic arteries
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