Abstract
The optimization of the operation of power systems including steady state and dynamic constraints is efficiently solved by Transient Stability Constrained Optimal Power Flow (TSCOPF) models. TSCOPF studies extend well-known optimal power flow models by introducing the electromechanical oscillations of synchronous machines. One of the main approaches in TSCOPF studies includes the discretized differential equations that represent the dynamics of the system in the optimization model. This paper analyzes the impact of different implicit and explicit numerical integration methods on the solution of a TSCOPF model and the effect of the integration time step. In particular, it studies the effect on the power dispatch, the total cost of generation, the accuracy of the calculation of electromechanical oscillations between machines, the size of the optimization problem and the computational time.
Highlights
Transient Stability Constrained Optimal Power Flow (TSCOPF) techniques are receiving increasing interest as a tool for power system operation and planning
TSCOPF models combine a classical optimal power flow with dynamic constraints that make it possible to ensure that the optimal solution is transiently stable
It includes in a single non-linear optimization model: (1) the equations that represent the steady state operation of the power system and its operational constraints; and (2) the discretized differential equations that represent the dynamics of the system during one or several incidents and the corresponding transient stability limits
Summary
Transient Stability Constrained Optimal Power Flow (TSCOPF) techniques are receiving increasing interest as a tool for power system operation and planning. Simultaneous discretization is one of the main paths followed in TSCOPF It includes in a single non-linear optimization model: (1) the equations that represent the steady state operation of the power system and its operational constraints; and (2) the discretized differential equations that represent the dynamics of the system during one or several incidents and the corresponding transient stability limits. One problem of the simultaneous discretization is that the inclusion of the dynamic equations over a period of, at least, 2–3 s, increases significantly the number of equations and variables. Under this circumstance the choice of the integration time step plays an important role: a small integration time step increases the Energies 2019, 12, 885; doi:10.3390/en12050885 www.mdpi.com/journal/energies
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