Analysis of navigation system accuracy characteristics for micro UAVs

Abstract

The article analyzes the noise influence of the main types that arise in the process of exchanging navigational information between the GPS receiver of an micro-class unmanned aerial vehicle and the global satellite navigation system using an improved advanced simulation model in the Matlab – Simulink software environment, which allows building a representative statistical model in the process designing algorithms of the navigation system of unmanned aerial vehicles. With the help of modeling the process of choosing the receiver gain factor of an unmanned aerial vehicle and the study of the influence of the quality of reception and processing navigation signals during the increase of the distance relative to the satellite signal of the global navigation satellite system, it was established that with an increase in the gain factor of the antenna, the noise level decreases. However, an increase in the amplification factor leads to an increase in the dimensions of the antenna, as well as, accordingly, an increase in energy consumption, which does not meet the requirements for the mass-dimensional indicators of the microclass of unmanned aerial vehicles. Also, the article investigated the operation process of microelectromechanical systems of platformless inertial navigation systems, namely, at the moment of the disappearance of global satellite systems at a time interval of up to 300 seconds, to determine the error of calculating the parameter of the vertical component (height) and vertical speed of an unmanned aerial vehicle. According to the simulation results, it was found that the orientation and navigation of unmanned aerial vehicles in autonomous flight depend significantly on random errors of microelectromechanical systems of platformless inertial navigation systems, these include random angle wandering (zero noise drift); the influence of linear acceleration of the accelerometer sensor, by studying the noise model of errors microelectromechanical systems to determine the eight velocity parameter in autonomous flight mode, which is of a significant nature.