Abstract
Studying the movement law and influencing factors of fertilizer in soil and controlling fertilizer distribution can improve the quality of fertilization, which is of great significance for promoting crop yield. In this paper, a 3D simulation model of the hill-drop fertilizer device and soil was established by the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) algorithm, and the simulation model was modified using the Mohr–Coulomb criterion, and fertilizer movement in the soil under the disturbance of the cover was simulated and analyzed by the SPH algorithm. Orthogonal simulation experiments and the range analysis method were used to study the overall displacement and deformation of fertilizer, and the key factors affecting fertilizer movement were analyzed. After fertilization, the soil was layered with a soil sampler, and a digital image processing method was used to detect the fertilizer distribution in different soil depths; then, the fertilizer movement was inferred. The results of the field experiment showed that the trend of fertilizer movement was consistent with the results of the simulation experiment, which provides a reference for studying the movement and distribution of fertilizer in soil.
Highlights
IntroductionChemical fertilizer accounts for about 40%–60% of total increase in crop production
The large-scale use of chemical fertilizer is the main way to increase grain production.Chemical fertilizer accounts for about 40%–60% of total increase in crop production
The method and model were shown by a field experiment to be of generally good accuracy and effect in simulating the fertilizer movement process
Summary
Chemical fertilizer accounts for about 40%–60% of total increase in crop production. In China, the application rate of chemical fertilizer is high, and the effective utilization rate is low. The scientific application of fertilizer is an important part of conservation tillage, and it plays an important role in improving soil properties and crop yield and quality [1,2]. Hill-drop fertilizer is a one-time application of all the fertilizer required for crop growth at the seedling stage. Compared with the furrow application method, it can improve fertilizer utilization rate and reduce environmental pollution. Scholars have carried out a series of studies on hill-drop fertilization technology. The hill-drop fertilizer technology made great progress, and scholars made several different prototypes and tested fertilization effects.
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