ANALYSIS OF MORTALITY IN COVID 19 PATIENTS -A STUDY IN A DISTRICT COVID HOSPITAL IN ANDHRA PRADESH DURING THE FIRST WAVE

Abstract

Introduction: Coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).Although majority of infected patients suffer from a mild form of illness and recover, a portion of patients suffer from severe disease and may eventually succumb to the illness. It has been found that risk factors like hypertension, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, cancer, COPD, asthma, chronic kidney disease, chronic liver disease ,pneumonia, obesity, and smoking were responsible for the development of the severe disease or death.Studying the common factors in patients who had mortality due to COVID 19 may help in identifying avoidable risk factors and in identifying high risk patients. Aim: To study the clinical presentation, risk factors, laboratory parameters, and treatment given to covid 19 patients who had fatal outcome. Material And Methods: This is a retrospective observational study conducted in Dr.Pinnamaneni Siddhardha institute of medical sciences and research foundation, Chinoutpally ,a district covid centre in Andhra pradesh. Baseline characteristics, clinical and laboratory data and treatment details of all mortality cases admitted during first wave i.e April 2020 to January 2021 were recorded in data collection forms and then reviewed and analysed Results: A total of 5083 patients were admitted with COVID in our hospital during the study period.114 among them had mortality accounting to about 2.24%. Male to female ratio of the mortality group was 2.8:1.Most of the patients (32.4%)belonged to the age group of 61-70 years. Hypertension (51%), Diabetes mellitus (46%),alcoholism (13.2%)and smoking(11.2%) were the most common comorbidities observed in these patients.Most of the patients (96%) had hypoxia either at the time of admission or within first two days of admission.42 patients and 17 patients required BiPAP or CPAP during their hospital stay. Conclusion: Male gender, advanced age, underlying diseases and presence of hypoxia at the time of presentation appear to be most common associations with fatal outcome of COVID 19 in the first wave in our hospital.