Analysis of Milling Efficiency of the Vanadis® 8 Tool Steel with Additions of Vanadium and Molybdenum Carbides

Elioenai Levi Barbedo,Gilbert Silva,Guilherme Ferreira Gomes,Bruna Horta Bastos Kuffner,Pedro Henrique Gonçalves,Marcela Silva Lamoglia,Agata Mayara Paula Pontes

doi:10.1590/1980-5373-mr-2021-0054

Elioenai Levi Barbedo, Gilbert Silva + Show 5 more

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https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-5373-mr-2021-0054

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Journal: Materials Research	Publication Date: Jan 1, 2021
Citations: 8	License type: CC BY 4.0

Affiliation: Federal University of Itajubá

Abstract

Abstract The Vanadis® 8 is a tool steel used in the manufacture of dies, punches and tools. It has a high carbon content combined with chromium, molybdenum and vanadium, and presents good performance in its mechanical properties. Usually, its chips obtained by machining are sold to companies that use remelting. However, this technique is considered expensive and harmful to the environment. Therefore, this work aimed to analyze the efficiency of the addition of vanadium carbide (VC) and molybdenum carbide (Mo2C) in the high energy ball milling of the Vanadis® 8 steel. Microstructural analysis were performed in the pure steel and with 3% of VC and Mo2C additions. The milling parameters used were: speed of 350 rpm, ball-to-powder weight ratio of 15:1 and times of 4, 8 and 12 hours. The results indicated that the Vanadis® 8 steel milled with VC presented the best microstructural results in all of the conducted tests.

Highlights

Tool steels are iron-based alloys, with different properties from carbon steels, due to the presence of alloying elements in their chemical composition
Facing the challenges generated by the search and development of high-performance tool steels, hybrid mechanical properties such as high hardness and high wear resistance in line with high toughness, have been a constant target of researches that seek to obtain solutions to increase the durability of tool steels, which in most cases are subjected to extreme working conditions[3,4,5]
With the increase in the milling time from 8 to 12h (Figure 1c), it is observed that the particles acquired a more rounded morphology, with average size of 600 μm

Summary

Introduction

Tool steels are iron-based alloys, with different properties from carbon steels, due to the presence of alloying elements in their chemical composition. Alloying elements such as tungsten, vanadium, molybdenum, chromium, cobalt, silicon and nickel, offer characteristics that determine the application of each tool steel. One of the most important steps in the development of high-performance materials is the understanding of the structural, atomic and molecular interaction levels. This understanding helps to define the mechanical properties to be obtained for these materials. With the fractional knowledge about structural interactions, only through characterization it is possible to determine the triangle (structure, interaction and property), in order to work, evaluate and develop new materials[6,7]

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