Abstract
Five China native cattle breeds have been characterized by using 10 microsatellite DNA markers. The studied populations can be divided into five groups: Luxi cattle, Nanyang cattle, Jinnan cattle, Qinchuan cattle and Yanbian cattle. Allele frequencies were calculated and used for the characterization of the breeds and the study of their genetic relationships. Heterozygosity, polymorphism information content, the effective number of alleles was calculated. Nei's standard genetic distance (1978) was calculated and used for a neighbor-joining tree construction. NJ tree showed that Luxi cattle, Nanyang cattle, Jinnan cattle and Qinchuan cattle are closely related, whereas Yanbian cattle are clearly distinct from other four populations. The genetic relationship of five breeds corresponds to their history and geographic origins. This work analyzes the recent origin of these populations and contributes to the knowledge and genetic characterization of China native breeds. (Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 2005. Vol 18, No. 12 : 1696-1700)
Highlights
In the world of animal production, a good method to identify animals and their products unambiguously is of utmost importance in order to obtain accurate selection and high-quality products
Samples collection and DNA extraction Fresh blood samples were collected from 50 animals from each of the five cattle breeds: Luxi cattle (LX), Nanyang cattle (NY), Jinnan cattle (JN), Qinchuan cattle (QC) and Yanbian cattle (YB) located at distinct geographical areas and chosen at random without consideration of the relationships among the animal
The main locations of these cattle breeds and their historic origin come from the northwest of Shangdong province, southeast of Henan province, Nanyang of Shanxi province, Qinchuan of Shanxi province and Yianbian of Jiling provice, respectively
Summary
In the world of animal production, a good method to identify animals and their products unambiguously is of utmost importance in order to obtain accurate selection and high-quality products. Several DNA-based technologies to type polymorphic loci have been developed in the last decade These techniques include restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR), single-strand conformational polymorphism (SSCP), denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE), random-amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and methods which make use of the polymorphism of short tandem repeats, i.e. the so-called microsatellites. These are more than a thousand cattle microsatellites to choose from (Barendse et al, 1994; Kappes et al, 1997). Genotyping can be done on most tissues and cell types, and international comparison tests under the auspices of the International Society for Animal Genetics (ISAG) to establish international standards exist
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