Abstract
Most of currently exploited hard coal seams has a very high degree of methane saturation. Consequently, the mining process of such deposits generates substantial amounts of methane. This in turn increases the risk of fire and/or explosion of this gas. Methane hazard is currently one of the most dangerous threats occurring in the process of underground mining exploitation. In particular, this applies to longwall excavations where the rock mass mining process generates the highest level of this gas. Commonly used high-performance longwall complexes cause an increase in the amount of coal output, which also causes an increase in the amount of methane released. In order to prevent hazardous concentrations, appropriate ventilation systems and atmosphere monitoring in mining excavations are used. The paper discusses currently used methods designed to limit risks caused by methane such as methane drainage. The paper presents an example of the use of an innovative method of analysing methane risk status and measures aimed at minimizing it. The developed method is based on air parameters in the actual mining area which were then used to create a method of ventilation for such excavations. The method combines advanced model analysis and experience of mine employees and integrates academic and practical knowledge. The main objective of the activities presented in the article was to improve the safety of mining operation
Highlights
The most popular method of underground exploitation of hard coal is a longwall system
The analysis of the results indicates that the change from the U-type ventilation system to Y-type has resulted in a significant improvement of working conditions
The example presented in the paper clearly indicates that adequate ventilation system is crucial for the safety and efficiency of the mining exploitation process
Summary
The most popular method of underground exploitation of hard coal is a longwall system. Proper ventilation of an underground area is crucial for mining operation [10] This applies to the longwall excavation, where the basic mining process is conducted. Apart from supplying the workers in the longwall excavation with fresh air, the ventilation system must prevent dangerous concentrations of methane. This gas is one of the biggest threats in the unground mining industry. Seams deposited at greater depths are linked to associated hazards (fire, tremors, temperature and methane hazard combined) [7, 9] All these factors contribute to the complexity of the mining process. The experience gained during the process will be used in other mines of Polska Grupa Górnicza S.A. as the company strives to improve the safety of the mining process
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