Abstract
Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) is a novel technology, which has been widely applied in biomedicine, especially in wound healing, dermatological treatment, hemostasis, and cancer treatment. In most cases, CAP treatment will interact with innumerable blood capillaries. Therefore, it is important and necessary to understand the effects of CAP treatment on endothelial cell metabolism. In this study, the metabolite profiling of plasma treatment on endothelial cells was measured by gas chromatography tandem time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC-TOF-MS). We found that 695 signals (metabolites) were detected by GC-TOF-MS and then evaluated using orthogonal projections to latent structures discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA). All the differential metabolites were listed, and proline and xanthosine were the two of the most downregulated metabolites by plasma treatment. By comprehensive metabolic pathway analysis with the KEGG pathway, we showed that alanine, aspartate, glutamate, and purine metabolism pathways were the most significantly suppressed after gas plasma treatment in human endothelial cells. Our finding gives an overall picture of the metabolic pathways affected by plasma treatment in endothelial cells.
Highlights
Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) technology breaks through the limitation of the vacuum chamber required by the lowpressure plasma and realizes that the temperature of the plasma is close to the room temperature level, so that it can directly interact on the living body and the human body, creating an emerging interdisciplinary subject-plasma medicine [1, 2]. e cold plasma can be generated under atmospheric pressure by high-voltage discharging of gas, which contains various components such as ultraviolet photons, charged particles, metastable particles, and ground-state neutral particles [3, 4]
Based on our experiments and metabolomic analysis, we found that alanine, aspartate, glutamate, and purine metabolism pathways were the most significantly suppressed after gas plasma treatment in human endothelial cells. ese findings indicate that plasma treatment might benefit to those diseases that have an abnormal high level of glutamate and purine metabolism
H2O2 is one of the important long-lived species produced by plasma, but plasma treatment is a comprehensive and synergetic effect of various species, which is quite different from treatment with H2O2 solution alone
Summary
Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) technology breaks through the limitation of the vacuum chamber required by the lowpressure plasma and realizes that the temperature of the plasma is close to the room temperature level, so that it can directly interact on the living body and the human body, creating an emerging interdisciplinary subject-plasma medicine [1, 2]. e cold plasma can be generated under atmospheric pressure by high-voltage discharging of gas, which contains various components such as ultraviolet photons, charged particles, metastable particles, and ground-state neutral particles [3, 4]. E cold plasma can be generated under atmospheric pressure by high-voltage discharging of gas, which contains various components such as ultraviolet photons, charged particles, metastable particles, and ground-state neutral particles [3, 4]. Cold plasma is mainly used in biomedical applications such as sterilization, wound healing, hemostasis, dermatological treatment, and cancer treatment [5,6,7,8,9,10,11], and at least three products have passed the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) certification [12], so it has a very broad application prospect in biomedicine. Wound healing is the first and only application for accredited plasma devices in clinical field so far [13, 14]. It is necessary to study the interaction of cold plasma with numerous blood capillaries surrounding in the wound area. Suzuki and Yoshino reported an enhanced proliferation activity of endothelial cells induced by a micropower plasma [15]. ey further pointed out that it was an integrated effect of several ROS produced
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