Analysis of maternal-fetal complications associated with preeclampsia. Literature review

Abstract

Objective: Identify maternal-fetal complications associated with preeclampsia. Method: the research was developed through a documentary review, a descriptive study, with a qualitative approach around maternal-fetal complications due to preeclampsia. It was investigated in high-impact databases such as: PubMed, Scielo, Scopus, Dimensions and the Google Scholar search engine. Inclusion criteria will be applied such as articles from the last 5 years, between 2018 and 2023, original articles in Spanish and English. The bibliographic review was developed with ten bibliographic sources. Results: It was identified that young women, especially between 20 and 34 years old, face a higher risk of preeclampsia, therefore, early detection is key and could be implemented in settings with limited resources. Furthermore, attention to risk factors, such as chronic hypertension, is vital, and the combination of acetylsalicylic acid and calcium is suggested in high-risk women as a pharmacological approach. Conclusion: It is revealed that there are significant maternal-fetal complications, such as high blood pressure and proteins in the urine, with serious consequences for the health of mother and child.