Abstract
Highway systems play a key role in providing mobility to society, especially during emergency situations, including earthquakes. Bridges in highway systems are susceptible to damage from earthquakes, causing traffic capacity loss leading to a serious impact on surrounding areas. To better prepare for such scenarios, it is important to estimate capacity loss and traffic disruptions from earthquakes. For this purpose, a traffic-capacity-analysisbased methodology was developed to model the performance of a transportation network immediately following an earthquake using a macroscopic multi-level urban traffic planning simulation model EMME4. This method employs the second order linear approximation (SOLA) traffic assignment and calculates total system travel time for various capacity loss scenarios due to bridge damage from earthquakes. It has been applied to Pohang City in Korea to evaluate the performance of traffic networks in various situations. The results indicate a significant increase in travel time and a decrease in travel speed as the intensity of an earthquake increases. However, the impact on traffic volume varies depending on the bridges. It is assumed that the location of the bridges and traffic routing patterns might be the main reason. The results are expected to help estimate the impact on transportation networks when earthquakes cause traffic capacity loss on bridges.
Highlights
Accepted: 1 April 2021An earthquake is defined as a ‘’natural disaster” in accordance with the FrameworkAct on Disaster and Safety Management [1], and it can negatively impact structures, communication, and traffic
Since aggregate characteristics of traffic elements such as total system travel time and average speed are compared with difference scenarios, macroscopic approach is selected for the investigation
Bridges in highway systems are susceptible to damage from earthquakes, causing traffic capacity loss leading to a serious impact in surrounding areas
Summary
Act on Disaster and Safety Management [1], and it can negatively impact structures, communication, and traffic. The frequency of earthquakes in Korea has increased, and since. 1999, an average of 69.9 occurrences of earthquakes have occurred per year [2]. The frequency of occurrences and the magnitude of earthquakes have increased significantly since 2015. More attention needs to be directed to mitigate various impact from earthquakes. Recent earthquakes in Korea have been concentrated near Pohang City in Gyeongsangbukdo. The following figure shows where earthquakes of magnitude 3.0 or higher occurred from. A bridge’s structural failure can disrupt traffic flow and degrade network performance [1]. Analysis of traffic network is needed to better understand the overall impact caused by structural damages to bridges from earthquakes.
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