Analysis of long-bone deformity correction in adolescents using osteosynthesis by intramedullary interlocking nails: a preliminary report

Abstract

Aims. The purpose of this study was to analyze the initial experience with adolescents treated for long-bone deformities of the lower extremities of different etiologies using osteotomies and fixation by interlocking nails.Materials and methods. We analyzed the accuracy of long-bone deformity correction using referent lines and angles, the time of consolidation, number of complications, and functional result.Results. We found that the accuracy of femur deformity correction (dependent on the complicity of the deformity), as estimated by different parameters, varied from 77.8% to 91.7%. Simple deformities and deformities of moderate complicity had the most accurate correction; the group of complex multiplanar deformities of the femur had the least accurate correction. This group included five cases of residual deformity, in which three of these had an angle of residual deformity <10°. The accuracy of leg deformity correction was 90%. Evaluation of the functional results using the Lower Extremity Functional Scale indicated the high functionality of the method used.Conclusions. Correction of long-bone deformities using intramedullary osteosynthesis by interlocking nails is an effective treatment of all types of femur and lower leg deformities. When treating complex deformities of the femur, the path to operative treatment should be complex and in most cases the nailing should be accompanied by intraoperative external fixation frame assistance.