Abstract
One of the most important challenges of developing multi-terminal (MT) high voltage direct current (HVDC) grids is the system performance under fault conditions. It must be highlighted that the operating time of the protection system needs to be shorter than a few milliseconds. Due to this restrictive requirement of speed, local measurement based algorithms are mostly used as primary protection since they present an appropriate operation speed. This paper focuses on the analysis of local measurement based algorithms, specifically overcurrent, undervoltage, rate-of-change-of-current, and rate-of-change-of-voltage algorithms. A review of these fault detection algorithms is presented. Furthermore, these algorithms are applied to a multi-terminal grid, where the influence of fault location and fault resistance is assessed. Then, their performances are compared in terms of detection speed and maximum current interrupted by the HVDC circuit breakers. This analysis aims to enhance the protection systems by facilitating the selection of the most suitable algorithm for primary or backup protection systems. In addition, two new fault type identification algorithms based on the rate-of-change-of-voltage and rate-of-change-of-current are proposed and analyzed. The paper finally includes a comparison between the previously reviewed local measurement based algorithms found in the literature and the simulation results of the present work.
Highlights
High-voltage direct current (HVDC) technology has earned relevance in power systems
These algorithms are applied to a multi-terminal grid, where the influence of fault location and fault resistance is assessed
Their performances are compared in terms of detection speed and maximum current interrupted by the HVDC circuit breakers
Summary
High-voltage direct current (HVDC) technology has earned relevance in power systems Its characteristics make it a promising solution for long distance power transmissions [1]. Overcurrent algorithms have been extensively used in the literature This algorithm is employed for protecting a radial MT system in [23] and a four-terminal symmetric monopole VSC based grid in [24]. The overcurrent algorithm combined with an inverse time characteristic is used in [21] to protect a three-terminal bipole VSC based system This way, the operation time varies inversely with the current magnitude. Since the undervoltage algorithm presents lower selectivity is not as commonly used as the OC algorithm Still, it can be found in the literature in [29] protecting a four-terminal symmetric monopole.
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
