Abstract
The fundamental strategy of Critical Regionalism is to mediate the impact of universal civilization with elements derived indirectly from the peculiarities of a particular place. This study presents some significant patterns and aspects of Iranian Traditional Architecture and examine them through the lens of Kenneth Frampton’s Critical Regionalism, to find that whether these attitudes-KF’s six points-have been completely considered in Iranian traditional architecture, even though hundreds of years before the presentation of KF’s critical essay. It seeks an integration between Frampton’s critical points and Iranian ancient built form which including physical features such as climate, topography, light and Iranian cultural characteristics such as traditional urban pattern and architectural prototype. This study also endeavours to demonstrate that Regionalism and sustainability could be inspiration behind this architecture. To put this into practice, first, Frampton’s Critical Regionalism is presented in depth. The six points of critical regionalism as he defined it are reviewed and distilled into five categories that are used to guide the analysis of the specifications of Iranian traditional architecture. These specification and patterns are then used as the foundation for specific recommendations for Iranian contemporary architectural.
Highlights
The pursuit of a contemporary architecture that addresses the precarious balance between local placeidentity and a global architectural culture, between aspects of vernacular traditions and modern, technologically advanced building practices, formed the basis of Kenneth Frampton’s 1983 essay “Towards a Critical Regionalism: Six Points for an Architecture for Resistance”.Critical Regionalism is an approach in architecture that strives to counter the placelessness and lack of meaning in Modern Architecture by using contextual forces to give a sense of place and meaning
This study aims to demonstrate that Iranian traditional architecture, with extremely noticeable cultural and sustainable specifications during hundreds of years, could fit in well with Critical Regionalism which will be discussed comprehensively
Specifications of Iranian traditional architecture, which some of them were discussed in this study, demonstrate that widely available local techniques and craftwork, if being properly employed, are a superior technique for the creation regionalist architecture in contrast to the use of universalized industrial technology to create culturally sensitive form
Summary
The pursuit of a contemporary architecture that addresses the precarious balance between local placeidentity and a global architectural culture, between aspects of vernacular traditions and modern, technologically advanced building practices, formed the basis of Kenneth Frampton’s 1983 essay “Towards a Critical Regionalism: Six Points for an Architecture for Resistance”. Critical Regionalism is an approach in architecture that strives to counter the placelessness and lack of meaning in Modern Architecture by using contextual forces to give a sense of place and meaning. Critical Regionalism seeks architectural traditions that are deeply rooted in the local conditions. Critical regionalism is considered a particular form of postmodern (not to be confused with postmodernism as architectural style) response in developing countries
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