Abstract
To analyze intravenous urography (IVU) findings in a tertiary reference center. A retrospective, observational study was conducted in a tertiary reference center. The radiology reports of 1,470 patients subjected to IVU in the period from January 2008 to December 2012 were retrieved from the tertiary reference center databases. Patients' demographic characteristics, type of care (inpatient or outpatient), and IVU radiologic findings were reviewed and analyzed. Of 1470 patients, approximately two-thirds were males. The mean age of the patients was 39.12±14.80 years (range: 2-95). Most of them were inpatients (92.9%; 1365/1470). The IVU findings were abnormal in 68.8% (1012/1470) of patients. Urinary tract calculi were the most frequent type of calculi observed among patients (36.8%; 541/1470), and the kidney was the most frequently affected organ by calculi (66.5%; 541/814). Hydronephrosis was the second most frequent finding, being observed in 29.7% (436/1470) of patients. The presence urinary tract calculi was the most frequent IVU finding, revealing that urolithiasis could be the main indication for IVU.
Highlights
Uroradiology emerged approximately a year after the discovery of X-rays in 1895, when it was first applied in the detection of urinary tract calculi
Radiology reports of 1470 patients who were subjected to Intravenous urography (IVU) in the period from January 2008 to December 2012 were retrieved from the hospital databases
Distribution of Abnormal IVU Findings According to the Types of Affected Organs Table 3 shows that the presence of calculi (36.8%; 541/1470) was the most frequent kidney abnormality, followed by hydronephrosis (29.7%; 436/1470)
Summary
Uroradiology emerged approximately a year after the discovery of X-rays in 1895, when it was first applied in the detection of urinary tract calculi. Following the discovery of various contrast materials that could be installed into the urinary tract, new applications were introduced, including cystography in 1903 and retrograde pyelography in 1906 [1]. Intravenous urography (IVU) was the most recommended radiologic examination for the diagnosis of urinary tract abnormalities until the end of the 20th century [2, 3]. Computed tomography (CT) scanning was introduced in the study and staging of renal masses in the 1980s [2]. The diagnostic utility of CT imaging was improved by shortening the scanning time and radiation exposure as well as introducing multiplanar three-dimensional (3-D) reconstruction [4]. Multiphasic CT urography (CTU) has become the most suitable tool for the diagnosis of different urinary tract abnormalities, including congenital anomalies, infections, traumas, and tumors. Its “one-stop-shop” use in the evaluation of vascular, parenchymal, and urothelial problems has a great impact on their management [5]
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