Abstract
Based on the data of satellite observations of the ice cover with the use of geoinformation technologies, an analysis of the interannual and seasonal variability of ice cover in Aniva Bay and La Perouse Strait has been made. It is established that there is a tendency for a decrease in ice cover by 2.5% in Aniva Bay, and in La Perouse Strait – by 11% for the period from 1979 to 2016. It is revealed that Aniva Bay is the only water area with a tendency of increasing ice cover. Based on the analysis of the dynamics of ice cover anomalies relative to the climatic standard norm of 1981- 2010, periods with the predominance of its positive and negative values and years with the highest and lowest values have been marked. It is shown that the ice cover of La Perouse Strait and Aniva Bay has the greatest interrelation with the ice cover in the extreme southern part of the Sea of Okhotsk with a correlation coefficient of 0.76 and 0.66, respectively. The typing of winters according to the severity of ice conditions has been performed according to which it is determined that the sum of severe and extremely severe types of winters in Aniva Bay is higher than that in La Perouse Strait. Analysis of the intra-seasonal course of ice cover made it possible to determine the mean dates for the appearance and disappearance of the ice in Aniva Bay and La Perouse Strait, as well as the duration of the ice period. Aniva Bay is characterized by almost complete filling with ice, which occurs here in severe winters from February 10 to March 10. La Perouse Strait is filled with ice in the severe winters only by 70% - from 15 to 25 of February.
Highlights
It is established that there is a tendency for a decrease in ice cover by 2.5% in Aniva Bay, and in La Perouse Strait – by 11% for the period from 1979 to 2016
It is shown that the ice cover of La Perouse Strait and Aniva Bay has the greatest interrelation with the ice cover in the extreme southern part of the Sea of Okhotsk with a correlation coefficient of 0.76 and 0.66, respectively
The typing of winters according to the severity of ice conditions has been performed according to which it is determined that the sum of severe and extremely severe types of winters in Aniva Bay is higher than that in La Perouse Strait
Summary
АННОТАЦИЯ На основе данных спутниковых наблюдений за ледяным покровом с использованием геоинформационных технологий выполнен анализ межгодовой и сезонной изменчивости ледовитости в заливе Анива и проливе Лаперуза. Выполнена типизация зим по суровости ледовых условий, согласно которой определено, что в заливе Анива сумма суровых и экстремально суровых типов зим выше, чем в проливе Лаперуза. Целью настоящей работы является исследование межгодовой и сезонной изменчивости ледовитости в заливе Анива и проливе Лаперуза с использованием геоинформационных технологий и данных дистанционного зондирования Земли. Величина ледовитости за ледовый сезон рассчитывалась отдельно для залива Анива и пролива Лаперуза путём осреднения значений вычисленных площадей ледяного массива с января по март. При преобладающих южных и юго-восточных ветрах ледяной массив, располагающийся в проливе Лаперуза, может попадать в залив Анива и создавать неблагоприятные для мореплавания ледовые условия. Самыми малоледовитыми были зимы 1989 и 1991 гг., когда в среднем ледовитость составляла 6 и 4% соответственно
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