Abstract

目的 观察正常妊娠妇女、妊娠期合并糖耐量减低(GIGT)及妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)患者孕期胰岛素、C肽水平的变化,探讨妊娠期糖代谢变化的规律,了解其胰岛β细胞的功能状况.方法用放射免疫法测定正常妊娠妇女31例(Ⅰ组)、妊娠期合并糖耐量减低(GIGT)患者36例(Ⅱ组)、妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)患者31例(Ⅲ组)的外周血胰岛素、C肽水平.结果Ⅰ、Ⅲ组胰岛素、C肽均随孕周逐渐上升,Ⅱ、Ⅲ组孕31周时胰岛素水平[(13.95±3.15)mIU/L、(15.10±2.96)mIU/L]和C肽水平[(0.60±0.21)pmol/ml、(0.80±0.31)pmol/ml]明显高于Ⅰ组[(11.40±3.27)mIU/L、(0.44±0.26)pmol/ml,P<0.05],产后各组胰岛素、C肽水平均下降.Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组孕38周胰岛素水平[(17.90±3.85)mIU/L、(18.31±3.83)mIU/L、(19.02±4.16)mIU/L,P>0.05]、C肽水平[(0.69±0.28)pmol/ml、(0.75±0.22)pmol/ml、(0.93±0.46)pmol/ml,P>0.05],产后胰岛素水平[(7.71±2.23)mIU/L、(8.28±2.34)mIU/L、(8.76±3.31) mIU/L,P>0.05]和C肽水平[(0.24±0.14)pmol/ml、(0.26±0.13)pmol/ml、(0.27±0.13)pmol/ml,P>0.05]之间无显著差异.Ⅰ组胰岛素、C肽分泌高峰在餐后1 h,Ⅱ、Ⅲ组则延迟至餐后2 h.结论妊娠期存在胰岛素抵抗且随孕周的增加而逐渐增强,糖代谢异常者因更强的胰岛素抵抗而导致胰岛素分泌功能受损,其胰岛素、C肽分泌高峰延迟至餐后2 h,提示胰岛β细胞功能缺陷及胰岛素抵抗增强,故应对GIGT、GDM患者长期随诊。

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