Abstract
Under conditions of intensification and maximization of production profitability, a problem of regulation, optimization and improvement of the structure of automatic control systems arises. To date, there are many topical problems associated with the practical implementation of the PID controller, e.g. unification of the PID controller structure, implementation of a differential component, integral saturation and nonimpact switching of parameters and operating modes. Influence of nonlinearities, noise, disturbances, functions, and peculiarities of the PID controller on dynamics of the automatic control system was studied. It was shown that for the maximum efficiency of implementation of the PID controller for controlling inertial objects with a transportation lag, a complex approach must be applied: limiting the rate of growth of the target disturbance and conditional integration to eliminate integral saturation; simultaneous application of an exponential filter of the measured value and a differentiator with a low-cut filter to minimize the effect of noise and interferences on the transient processes; tracing the current state of the system allows one to prevent an impact when changing the operating modes of the PID controller; introduction of the controller insensitivity zone will potentially provide a longer operation life of the actuator. Mathematical modeling of the system of automatic regulation of rarefaction in the boiler furnace was performed taking into account the proposed set of solutions. These recommendations enable implementation of a PID controller suitable for practical use taking into account stochasticity, nonlinearity, quasi-stationarity and limitations of the technological processes. Integrated assessment and consideration of these problems will contribute to improving efficiency and reliability of equipment, reducing energy consumption and time to reach the set goal in the process of automatic regulation without changing the structure of the control system.
Highlights
Under conditions of intensification, maximization of profitability and ensuring technological safety of production, certain problems emerge related to the adjustment, optimization and improvement of the structure of automated control systems
Despite the emergence and gaining popularity of advanced control methods, such as Model Predictive Control, Fuzzy Logic, controllers based on the proportional-integral-differential (PID) law of regulation are the most popular at present, with a share of up to 90 % [1]
The differential component of the controller amplifies high-frequency interferences, short-term disturbances, and noise. These problems are aggravated by the fact that dynamics of processes is unknown a priori, there is a mutual influence of different systems of automatic control
Summary
Maximization of profitability and ensuring technological safety of production, certain problems emerge related to the adjustment, optimization and improvement of the structure of automated control systems. Thirty percent of the controllers used in industry are incorrectly adjusted [2] because natural nonlinearities of technical implementation have not been taken into consideration. The result obtained is the incorrect adjustment of parameters leading to worsening efficiency of a technological process control and performance of a unit in general. Assessment and consideration of similar problems can improve efficiency of equipment operation, reduce energy consumption, and shorten time spent to achieve the set target in the process of automatic control without changing the system structure. That is why practical realization of the PID controller with consideration of stochasticity, nonlinearity, and quasi-stationarity of technological processes in conditions of limitation is an important problem today
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