Analysis of indicators of the prevalence and incidence of tuberculosis among the population of Ukraine during 2017-2021

Abstract

Introduction. Tuberculosis is a serious social infection that is easily contagious. The probability of getting sick with them exists for everyone. In almost all countries of the world, tuberculosis is a primary component of national policy. Tuberculosis in Ukraine also remains a difficult problem. Without proper treatment of tuberculosis patients, medicine is powerless in the fight against this disease. Comprehensive, timely and gradual treatment of patients with the pulmonary form of tuberculosis ensures restoration of the patient’s health, preservation or restoration of work capacity, improvement of the epidemiological situation as a result of elimination of the source of bacterial excretion and interruption of the path of infection transmission. Purpose of research. The purpose of the study was to study the dynamics of the prevalence and incidence of tuberculosis among the population of Ukraine over the past five years. Materials and methods. Data on the dynamics of the prevalence and incidence of tuberculosis among the population of Ukraine during 2017-2021 were analyzed using content analysis, the method of systematic and comparative analysis, the bibliosemantic method of studying relevant scientific works, the data of the Center for Medical Statistics of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine in Ukraine, as well as medical and statistical method - for statistical processing of research materials. Statistical processing was carried out using the software "Statistica" 6.0 (StatSoft Ins, USA). Research results and their discussion. In the main part of the article, the statistical data of the primary incidence and prevalence of tuberculosis among the entire population as a whole, among children aged 0 to 14 and 15 to 17 years, are calculated, the rate of increase in percent (%) for five years from 2017 until 2021, the trends of indicators of primary disability due to tuberculosis among the adult and ablebodied population are determined. Regions with the highest and lowest rates of prevalence and primary incidence of tuberculosis in Ukraine were determined. Conclusions. As a result, it was determined that over the past five years there has been a fluctuation in the indicators of primary morbidity, prevalence, and indicators of disability, but in general, trends towards a decrease in these indicators among the population of Ukraine have been recorded.