Analysis of identification and antimicrobial susceptibility test of bacteria isolated from sputum in 4 759 pediatric inpatients

Abstract

Objective To provide scientific basis for the clinical diagnosis, treatment, prevention, and control of lung infectious diseases in children in the region by analyzing the composition and drug resistance of pathogens isolated from the sputum of pediatric inpatients hospitalized into our hospital from 2014 to 2016. Methods The data of identification and antimicrobial susceptibility test of bacteria isolated from the first sputum in 4 759 pediatric inpatients from 2014 to 2016 were reviewed. The species of pathogens, isolation rate, resistance rate and trend during the three years were analyzed retrospectively. Results One thousand four hundreds fifteen strains of pathogens were isolated and identified as following 10 species: Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis, Klebsiella oxytoca, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Enterobacter aerogenes. The total isolation rate of pathogens was 29.71% during the three years. The annual isolation rates were 32.38%, 30.42%, and 24.75% in 2014, 2015, and 2016, showing a downward trend year by year. As to drug resistance of these pathogens to given antibiotics, the combination of pathogen and antibiotic whose drug-resistant rate over 50% in all three years were Staphylococcus aureus-Penicillin (99.32%-100.00%), Escherichia coli-Ampicillin (80.90%-89.53%), Escherichia coli-Cephazolin (60.65%-73.07%) , Klebsiella pneumoniae-Cephazolin (51.04%-55.10%) , Haemophilus influenzae-Ampicillin/sulbactam (52.17%-56.52%) , Haemophilus influenzae-Trimesulf (59.70%-78.26%) , and Haemophilus influenzae-Ampicillin (53.73%-65.22%). And the combination of pathogen and antibiotic, of which the resistance rate showed a rising trend in all three years, were Staphylococcus aureus-Penicillin, Streptococcus pneumoniae-Erythromycin, Streptococcus pneumoniae-Eeftriaxone, Escherichia coli-Ampicillin/sulbactam, Escherichia coli-Ampicillin, Klebsiella pneumoniae- Levofloxacin, Klebsiella pneumoniae-Piperacillin/Tazobactam, and Moraxella catarrhalis-Azithromycin. Conclusion Based on the fact of various kinds of species of pathogens and high drug-resistance rate, it is essential to attach importance to the bacteriological test and to improve the rational application of antibiotics. Key words: Children; Pathogens isolation; Antimicrobial susceptibility test