Abstract
The analysis performed in this study focused on the hunting management of wild boar in the hunting ground "Dulenska reka", as well as on the impact of knowledge of the species and its monitoring in the field, which can lead to an incredible difference in hunting management The aim of this study was to analyze wild boar management and determine the differences between the variables used to calculate population dynamics. For the purposes of the analysis, data from planning documents and professional literature were used, and the calculations of population dynamics were performed in Excel. The results indicate that the number of wild boar in the hunting ground is increasing, and the consequence of different sizes in the calculations of population dynamics as well as the mismatch of planned and realized shooting can be the reasons that directly affect population growth.
Highlights
ϮϬϬκͿ Wild boar in Portugal'ĂůĞŵLJƐϭς;ϮκϯͲϮρϭͿ 'Ăũŝđ/͕͘WŽƉŽǀŝđ͘;ϮϬϭϬͿ>ŽǀŶĂƉƌŝǀƌĞĚĂ&ĂĐƵůƚLJŽĨ ŐƌŝĐƵůƚƵƌĞhŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJŽĨĞůŐƌĂĚĞĞůŐƌĂĚĞ ϯρϮƉ 'ĂēŝđW͕ĂŶŝůŽǀŝđD;ϮϬϬεͿDamage caused by red deer
>ĂǀĂĚŝŶŽǀŝđ s͘ WŽƉŽǀŝđ ͕͘ ĞƵŬŽǀŝđ D͘ ŽŬŽƐŬŝ
Summary
TŝůĚ ďŽĂƌ ;^ƵƐ ƐĐƌŽĨĂ >͘Ϳ ŝƐ ŽŶĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ŵŽƐƚ ǁŝĚĞƐƉƌĞĂĚ ƐƉĞĐŝĞƐ ŽĨ ůĂƌŐĞ ŐĂŵĞ ŝŶ ƵƌŽƉĞ;z^/^K&,hEd/E'DE'DEdEZ>//>/dzK&sZ/>^/^/E>h>d/KE^͘͘͘ŐĂŵĞǁŚŝĐŚŝƐĐŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĞĚŝŵƉŽƌƚĂŶƚĨŽƌĚŽŵĞƐƟĐ ŚƵŶƟŶŐ;^ ƚĂŶŬŽǀŝđ ĂŶĚĂŐƌŽƵƉŽĨĂƵƚŚŽƌƐϭεεϮ EŽǀĂŬŽǀŝ đϭεες'Ăũŝ đWŽƉ Žǀŝ đϮϬϭϬͿ/ŶƌĞͲ ĐĞŶƚLJĞĂƌƐƚŚŝƐƐƉĞĐŝĞƐŚĂƐƌĞĐŽƌĚĞĚĂŶŝŶĐƌĞĂƐĞ ŝŶ ŶƵŵďĞƌƐ ŝŶ ŽƵƌ ĐŽƵŶƚƌLJ ǁŚŝĐŚ ĂīĞĐƚƐ ƚŚĞ ŝŶͲ ĐƌĞĂƐĞ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ĂŵŽƵŶƚ ŽĨ ĚĂŵĂŐĞ ƚŽ ĂŐƌŝĐƵůƚƵƌĂů ĐƌŽƉƐĂŶĚƚŚĞŝŶƚĞŶƐŝƚLJŽĨĐŽŶŇŝĐƚƐǁŝƚŚŚƵŵĂŶƐ ;> ĂǀĂĚŝŶŽǀŝđet al͘ϮϬϮϬͿŌĞƌ ƚŚĞ ƌŽĞ ĚĞĞƌ ƚŚĞ ǁŝůĚ ďŽĂƌ ŝƐ ĐŽŶƐŝĚͲ ĞƌĞĚƚŽďĞƚŚĞƐĞĐŽŶĚŵŽƐƚŶƵŵĞƌŽƵƐƐƉĞĐŝĞƐŽĨ ůĂƌŐĞŐĂŵĞŝŶ^ĞƌďŝĂĂƚĂĨƌŽŵŽĸĐŝĂůƐƚĂƟƐƟĐĂů ƐŽƵƌĐĞƐŝŶĚŝĐĂƚĞĂŶŝŶĐƌĞĂƐĞŝŶƚŚĞŶƵŵďĞƌŽĨƚŚĞ ƐƉĞĐŝĞƐĚĞƐƉŝƚĞŵŽƌĞŝŶƚĞŶƐŝǀĞƐŚŽŽƟŶŐĂŶĚƚŚĞ ĂƉƉĞĂƌĂŶĐĞŽĨĨƌŝĐĂŶƐǁŝŶĞĨĞǀĞƌ;^Ϳ/ƚŝƐĞƐͲ ƟŵĂƚĞĚƚŚĂƚƚŚĞƐŝnjĞŽĨƚŚĞǁŝůĚďŽĂƌƉŽƉƵůĂƟŽŶ ŝƐĂƌŽƵŶĚϮρϬϬϬŚĞĂĚ;^ƚĂƟƐƟĐĂůzĞĂƌŬŽĨƚŚĞ ZĞƉƵďůŝĐŽĨ^ĞƌďŝĂϮϬϭεͿǁŚŝůĞƚŚĞŽĸĐŝĂůǀŽůƵŵĞ ŽĨƐŚŽŽƟŶŐŝŶƚŚĞůĂƐƚLJĞĂƌŝƐĐůŽƐĞƚŽŚĂůĨŽĨƚŚĞ ƚŽƚĂůŶƵŵďĞƌŽĨƐƉĞĐŝĞƐ;ŚĂƌƚϭͿĞƐƉŝƚĞ ƚŚĞ ĨĂĐƚ ƚŚĂƚ ƚŚĞ ŶƵŵďĞƌ ŽĨ ǁŝůĚ ďŽĂƌ ŝƐ ĂůŵŽƐƚ ς ƟŵĞƐ ůŽǁĞƌ ƚŚĂŶ ƚŚĞ ŶƵŵďĞƌ ŽĨ ƌŽĞ ĚĞĞƌ ǁŚŽƐĞ ƉŽƉƵůĂƟŽŶ ƐŝnjĞ ŝƐ ĞƐƟŵĂƚĞĚ ĂƚϭκϮϬϬϬŝŶĚŝǀŝĚƵĂůƐŽĸĐŝĂůĚĂƚĂƐŚŽǁƚŚĂƚŝƚƐ ƐŚŽŽƟŶŐŝƐŚŝŐŚĞƌƚŚĂŶƚŚĂƚŽĨƌŽĞĚĞĞƌ;ŚĂƌƚϮͿǁŚŝĐŚŝŶĚŝĐĂƚĞƐŝůůŽŐŝĐĂůŝƟĞƐŝŶŚƵŶƟŶŐƌĞĐŽƌĚƐĂƚ ƚŚĞƐƚĂƚĞůĞǀĞů;^ƚĂƟƐƟĐĂůzĞĂƌŬϮϬϮϬͿ/ŶƚŚĞŝƌ ƌĞƐĞĂƌĐŚ> ĂǀĂ ĚŝŶŽǀŝđ et al.;ϮϬϮϬͿƉƌŽǀĞĚƚŚĂƚ ŚƵŶƚĞƌƐŚƵŶƚǁŝůĚďŽĂƌŵŽƌĞƚŚĂŶĚĞĞƌǁŚŝĐŚŝƐŝŶ ůŝŶĞǁŝƚŚŽĸĐŝĂůĚĂƚĂtŝůĚďŽĂƌŚƵŶƟŶŐŝƐƵƐĞĚĂƐŽŶĞŽĨƚŚĞǁĂLJƐƚŽ ƌĞĚƵĐĞƚŚĞĂŵŽƵŶƚŽĨĚĂŵĂŐĞĂŶĚŵŝƟŐĂƚĞĞĐŽͲ ŶŽŵŝĐĐŽŶƐĞƋƵĞŶĐĞƐǁŚŝĐŚŝƐĂƚƚŚĞƐĂŵĞƟŵĞ ĂƩƌĂĐƟǀĞƚŽŚƵŶƚĞƌƐďĞĐĂƵƐĞŽĨƚŚĞƚƌŽƉŚŝĞƐƚĂƐƚLJ ŵĞĂƚ ŵƵůƟƉůĞ ŚƵŶƟŶŐ ďƵƚ ĂůƐŽ ƚŚĞ ƌĞƐƉĞĐƚ ĨŽƌ ƚƌĂĚŝƟŽŶ;s ŝ ƚŽ ƌŝŶŽͲ > Ž Ɖ Ğ Ɛ&Ž Ŷ Ɛ Ğ ĐĂ Ͳ Ž ƌŐĞ Ɛ ϮϬϬκ < ĞƵůŝŶŐ et al.͕ ϮϬϬΘ dƐ ĂĐŚĂůŝĚŝƐ , Ă Ě ũ ŝ ƐƚĞ ƌ ŬŽ ƚ ŝ Ɛ ϮϬϬΘ ^ Đŝůůŝ ƚĂ Ŷ ŝ et al.͕ ϮϬϭϬ Y ƵŝƌsƐͲ &ĞƌŶĄŶĚĞnjet al.͕ϮϬϭϳͿdŚĞƐĞƌĞĂƐŽŶƐ ĐĂŶ ďĞ ƵƐĞĚ ĂƐ Ă ũƵƐƟĮĐĂƟŽŶ ĨŽƌ ƐŽŵĞǁŚĂƚ ŝŶͲ ĐƌĞĂƐĞĚŚƵŶƟŶŐƉƌĞƐƐƵƌĞŽŶƚŚŝƐƐƉĞĐŝĞƐďƵƚƚŚĞLJ ĐĂŶŶŽƚĞdžƉůĂŝŶƚŚĞƐŝŐŶŝĮĐĂŶƚĚŝīĞƌĞŶĐĞƐƐŚŽǁŶŝŶ ƚŚĞƐƚĂƟƐƟĐƐdŚĞĐŚĂůůĞŶŐĞƐǁĞĨĂĐĞĂƚƚŚĞŶĂƟŽŶͲ ĂůůĞǀĞůŝŶƚŚĞŵĂŶĂŐĞŵĞŶƚĂŶĚƵƐĞŽĨǁŝůĚďŽĂƌ ǁĞƌĞƚŚĞŵŽƟǀĞĨŽƌƐƚƵĚLJŝŶŐƚŚĞƉĂƌĂŵĞƚĞƌƐƵƐĞĚ ƚŽĐĂůĐƵůĂƚĞƚŚĞƉŽƉƵůĂƟŽŶĚLJŶĂŵŝĐƐŝŶƉůĂŶŶŝŶŐ ĚŽĐƵŵĞŶƚƐdŚĞƌĞĨŽƌĞƚŚĞĂŝŵŽĨƚŚŝƐƉĂƉĞƌǁĂƐ ƚŽĂŶĂůLJnjĞǁŝůĚďŽĂƌŵĂŶĂŐĞŵĞŶƚĂŶĚĚĞƚĞƌŵŝŶĞ ƚŚĞĚŝīĞƌĞŶĐĞƐďĞƚǁĞĞŶƚŚĞǀĂƌŝĂďůĞƐƵƐĞĚƚŽĐĂůͲ 'ƌĂƉŚϭƐƟŵĂƚĞĚŶƵŵďĞƌŽĨŐĂŵĞĂŶĚǀŽůƵŵĞŽĨƐŚŽŽƟŶŐďLJLJĞĂƌƐ;^ƚĂƟƐƟĐĂůzĞĂƌŬŽĨƚŚĞZĞƉƵďůŝĐŽĨ ^ĞƌďŝĂϮϬϭϬϮϬϭεͿ 'ƌĂƉŚϮ^ŚŽŽƟŶŐŽĨǁŝůĚďŽĂƌĂŶĚƌŽĞĚĞĞƌĨŽƌƚŚĞůĂƐƚϭϬLJĞĂƌƐ;^ƚĂƟƐƟĐĂůzĞĂƌŬϮϬϮϬͿĐƵůĂƚĞ ƉŽƉƵůĂƟŽŶ ĚLJŶĂŵŝĐƐ &Žƌ ƚŚĞ ƉƵƌƉŽƐĞ ŽĨ ƚŚŝƐƌĞƐĞĂƌĐŚǁĞƵƐĞĚƉůĂŶŶŝŶŐĚŽĐƵŵĞŶƚƐĨƌŽŵ ƚŚĞŚƵŶƟŶŐŐƌŽƵŶĚ͞ƵůĞŶƐŬĂƌĞŬĂ͟. TŝůĚ ďŽĂƌ ;^ƵƐ ƐĐƌŽĨĂ >͘Ϳ ŝƐ ŽŶĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ŵŽƐƚ ǁŝĚĞƐƉƌĞĂĚ ƐƉĞĐŝĞƐ ŽĨ ůĂƌŐĞ ŐĂŵĞ ŝŶ ƵƌŽƉĞ. ; ĂǀĂ ĚŝŶŽǀŝđ et al.;ϮϬϮϬͿƉƌŽǀĞĚƚŚĂƚ ŚƵŶƚĞƌƐŚƵŶƚǁŝůĚďŽĂƌŵŽƌĞƚŚĂŶĚĞĞƌǁŚŝĐŚŝƐŝŶ ůŝŶĞǁŝƚŚŽĸĐŝĂůĚĂƚĂtŝůĚďŽĂƌŚƵŶƟŶŐŝƐƵƐĞĚĂƐŽŶĞŽĨƚŚĞǁĂLJƐƚŽ ƌĞĚƵĐĞƚŚĞĂŵŽƵŶƚŽĨĚĂŵĂŐĞĂŶĚŵŝƟŐĂƚĞĞĐŽͲ ŶŽŵŝĐĐŽŶƐĞƋƵĞŶĐĞƐǁŚŝĐŚŝƐĂƚƚŚĞƐĂŵĞƟŵĞ ĂƩƌĂĐƟǀĞƚŽŚƵŶƚĞƌƐďĞĐĂƵƐĞŽĨƚŚĞƚƌŽƉŚŝĞƐƚĂƐƚLJ ŵĞĂƚ ŵƵůƟƉůĞ ŚƵŶƟŶŐ ďƵƚ ĂůƐŽ ƚŚĞ ƌĞƐƉĞĐƚ ĨŽƌ ƚƌĂĚŝƟŽŶ;s ŝ ƚŽ ƌŝŶŽͲ > Ž Ɖ Ğ Ɛ&Ž Ŷ Ɛ Ğ ĐĂ Ͳ Ž ƌŐĞ Ɛ ϮϬϬκ < ĞƵůŝŶŐ et al.͕ ϮϬϬΘ dƐ ĂĐŚĂůŝĚŝƐ , Ă Ě ũ ŝ ƐƚĞ ƌ ŬŽ ƚ ŝ Ɛ ϮϬϬΘ ^ Đŝůůŝ ƚĂ Ŷ ŝ et al.͕ ϮϬϭϬ Y ƵŝƌsƐͲ &ĞƌŶĄŶĚĞnjet al.͕ϮϬϭϳͿdŚĞƐĞƌĞĂƐŽŶƐ ĐĂŶ ďĞ ƵƐĞĚ ĂƐ Ă ũƵƐƟĮĐĂƟŽŶ ĨŽƌ ƐŽŵĞǁŚĂƚ ŝŶͲ ĐƌĞĂƐĞĚŚƵŶƟŶŐƉƌĞƐƐƵƌĞŽŶƚŚŝƐƐƉĞĐŝĞƐďƵƚƚŚĞLJ ĐĂŶŶŽƚĞdžƉůĂŝŶƚŚĞƐŝŐŶŝĮĐĂŶƚĚŝīĞƌĞŶĐĞƐƐŚŽǁŶŝŶ ƚŚĞƐƚĂƟƐƟĐƐdŚĞĐŚĂůůĞŶŐĞƐǁĞĨĂĐĞĂƚƚŚĞŶĂƟŽŶͲ ĂůůĞǀĞůŝŶƚŚĞŵĂŶĂŐĞŵĞŶƚĂŶĚƵƐĞŽĨǁŝůĚďŽĂƌ ǁĞƌĞƚŚĞŵŽƟǀĞĨŽƌƐƚƵĚLJŝŶŐƚŚĞƉĂƌĂŵĞƚĞƌƐƵƐĞĚ ƚŽĐĂůĐƵůĂƚĞƚŚĞƉŽƉƵůĂƟŽŶĚLJŶĂŵŝĐƐŝŶƉůĂŶŶŝŶŐ ĚŽĐƵŵĞŶƚƐdŚĞƌĞĨŽƌĞƚŚĞĂŝŵŽĨƚŚŝƐƉĂƉĞƌǁĂƐ ƚŽĂŶĂůLJnjĞǁŝůĚďŽĂƌŵĂŶĂŐĞŵĞŶƚĂŶĚĚĞƚĞƌŵŝŶĞ ƚŚĞĚŝīĞƌĞŶĐĞƐďĞƚǁĞĞŶƚŚĞǀĂƌŝĂďůĞƐƵƐĞĚƚŽĐĂůͲ 'ƌĂƉŚϭƐƟŵĂƚĞĚŶƵŵďĞƌŽĨŐĂŵĞĂŶĚǀŽůƵŵĞŽĨƐŚŽŽƟŶŐďLJLJĞĂƌƐ;^ƚĂƟƐƟĐĂůzĞĂƌŬŽĨƚŚĞZĞƉƵďůŝĐŽĨ ^ĞƌďŝĂϮϬϭϬϮϬϭεͿ 'ƌĂƉŚϮ^ŚŽŽƟŶŐŽĨǁŝůĚďŽĂƌĂŶĚƌŽĞĚĞĞƌĨŽƌƚŚĞůĂƐƚϭϬLJĞĂƌƐ;^ƚĂƟƐƟĐĂůzĞĂƌŬϮϬϮϬͿ.
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