Abstract
BackgroundNano-hydroxyapatite (nHA) is a potential ideal biomaterial for bone regeneration. However, studies have yet to characterize the behavior of human osteoblasts derived from alveolar bone on nHA. Thus, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of nHA on the adhesion, proliferation and differentiation of these alveolar bone-derived cells.MethodsPrimary human alveolar osteoblasts were collected from the alveolar ridge of a male periodontal patient during osseous resective surgery and grown on culture plates coated with either polylysine or polylysine with nano-hydroxyapatite (POL/nHA) composite. The cells were grown and observed for 14 days, and then assessed for potential modifications to osteoblasts homeostasis as evaluated by quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (real time RT-PCR), scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy.ResultsReal time PCR revealed a significant increase in the expression of the selected markers of osteoblast differentiation (bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2,-5,-7, ALP, COLL-1A2, OC, ON) in cells grown on the POL/nHA substrate. In addition, as compared with the POL surface, cells grown on the POL/nHA substrate demonstrated better osteoconductive properties, as demonstrated by the increase in adhesion and spreading, likely as a result of the increased surface roughness of the composite.ConclusionsThe increased expression of BMPs and osteoinductive biomarkers suggest that nano-hydroxyapatite may stimulate the proliferation and differentiation of local alveolar osteoblasts and thus encourage bone regeneration at sites of alveolar bone regeneration.
Highlights
Nano-hydroxyapatite is a potential ideal biomaterial for bone regeneration
It is assumed that the use of bone grafts or alloplastic materials would result both in the regrowth of alveolar bone and the formation of a new cementum layer with inserted collagen fibers onto the previously periodontitisinvolved root surface [5]
The mechanism of action may be either via the stimulation of osteogenesis, osteoconduction, or osteoinduction [6]
Summary
Nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA) is a potential ideal biomaterial for bone regeneration. studies have yet to characterize the behavior of human osteoblasts derived from alveolar bone on nHA. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of nHA on the adhesion, proliferation and differentiation of these alveolar bone-derived cells. The main concern of periodontology is the rehabilitation of periodontally compromised teeth, possibly aiming at the complete periodontal tissue regeneration [1]. This process would include the formation of new bone, new periodontal ligament and new cementum, or rather a new attachment over the root that has previously been deprived of all the attachment apparatus [2]. Hydroxyapatite (HA) [Ca5 (PO4) OH] is an alloplastic material, chemically similar to the inorganic component of bone matrix that translates these properties in a valuable and optimal biocompatibility [7]. When HA is grafted beneath a healthy periosteum and well-vascularized bone, it first becomes integrated by a clot [8] and releases phosphate ions into the surrounding environment, which stimulates neo-osteogenesis
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