Abstract
Amazonian floodplains can be defined as areas bathed by white or muddy rivers; Its main feature is the amount of suspended materials that are transported during the flood and drought dynamics of the rivers and lakes in the region. The objective of this work was to analyze the historical water level series of Mamirauá Lake. We used 25 years of data from the lake performed by the Mamirauá Institute Fluviometric Monitoring since 1990. The descriptive statistics technique was used for the maximum, minimum and average quotas of the monitoring years, as it sought to verify the level relationship. of the lake with the occurrence of extreme events that have happened over the years. The results obtained were: the lowest level of the data series, with a value of 21.7 m.a.n.m was recorded in 1995 and the highest in 1999 was 38.6 m.a.n.m., that year the Amazon basin suffered one of the largest floods related to the La Niña phenomenon. Given the results analyzed, the research concluded that the water level of Mamirauá Lake did not change in years of occurrence of extreme events, as was verified in the years of extreme drought (2005 and 2010).
Highlights
In the context of national territory, wetlands are mainly studied in the Pantanal region, in the states of Mato Grosso and Mato Grosso do Sul, as it is one of the largest floodplains in the world [5]; [6]; [7]; [8]
Amazonian floodplains can be defined as areas bathed by white or muddy rivers; Its main feature is the amount of suspended materials that are transported during the flood and drought dynamics of the rivers and lakes in the region
From the results described above, it can be concluded that the water level of Mamirauá lake did not change in years of occurrence of extreme events, this could be verified in the years 2005 and 2010, the years that presented The lowest water levels were those of 1995, 2012 and 2017
Summary
In the context of national territory, wetlands are mainly studied in the Pantanal region, in the states of Mato Grosso and Mato Grosso do Sul, as it is one of the largest floodplains in the world [5]; [6]; [7]; [8]. Hydrological studies to understand the functioning of the Amazon basin and the dynamics of rivers and floodplain lakes make use of mathematical models [11]; [12], which can represent the dynamics of individual lakes and large basins as well as the inclusion of water balance. Information from the literature indicates that [13];[14];[15];[16] water dynamics has been increasingly affected by so-called extreme events (events that anomalously affect river dynamics as well as temperature and precipitation in these regions). More recent studies [17];[15];[18]; [19] conclude that since the great drought of 2005, caused by anomalous sea temperature warming in the ocean peaceful, these events have become more frequent (Fig.2)
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