Analysis of high yield formation of rapeseed in Hunan province and high-yield cultivation measures

Abstract

According to the analysis of yield level and yield characteristics of typical block in Hunan province in 2008? 2009,preliminary results are obtained.Yield components and physiological index in different growth stages of rapeseed yielded around 3 084 kg/hm2 in Hunan are: number of siliques is 6.522×107/hm2,seed number is 20.5/ silique,thousand grain weight of rapeseed is 4.077 g.Green leaf number per plant in seedlings before winter(1/10) is nearly 10,total leaf number is 16,maximum leaf length nearly 45 cm,leaf width 18 cm,dry matter yield before winter is 4 841.85 kg/ hm2.Plant height in florescence stage is 136 cm,nodes number on the main stalk is 31.8,green leaf number on the main stalk is 17,first piece of sessile leaf length is 28.8 cm,width 13 cm,branch quantity(≥10 cm)is 10.6,the total mass of dry matter is 11 225.1 kg/hm2.Plant height in maturity stage is 180 cm,number of branch quantity is 11 and total amount of dry matter(silique removed) is 9 118.65 kg/hm2.Main cultural practices of rapeseed yielded around 3 000 kg/hm2 are: Sowing on September 7?15,cultivation technology are focused on strong rape seedling,transplanting on October 10?25.Tillage methods are used on the soil in middle fertility,45% compound fertilizer(450?750 kg/hm2) is applied,adding base boron fertilizer(15 kg).Urea application is also used as top dressing in seedling stage;Or farm manure(1.5×104 kg/hm2),25% compound fertilizer(375 kg/hm2) are used,adding base boron fertilizer(15 kg) and urea application(150?225 kg/hm2) is used as top dressing in seedling stage.Planting density is 1.2×105(or more) plants/hm2,making irrigation and drainage timely.Pest,disease and weeds control techniques must also be used.