Abstract
Vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs) based on the IEEE 802.11p standard are receiving increasing attention for road safety provisioning. Hidden terminals, however, demonstrate a serious challenge in the performance of VANETs. In this paper, we investigate the effect of hidden terminals on the performance of one hop broadcast communication. The paper formulates an analytical model to analyze the effect of hidden terminals on the performance metrics such as packet reception probability (PRP), packet reception delay (PRD), and packet reception interval (PRI) for the 2-dimensional (2-D) VANET. To verify the accuracy of the proposed model, the analytical model-based results are compared with NS3 simulation results using 2-D highway scenarios. We also compare the analytical results with those from real vehicular network implemented using the commercial vehicle-to-everything (V2X) devices. The analytical results show high correlation with the results of both simulation and real network.
Highlights
Vehicular communication known as vehicle-to-everything (V2X) is an integral part of the intelligent transportation system (ITS) for vehicle safety applications
For wireless communication among the vehicles and vehicle to the roadside unit (RSU), this paper considers communications based on dedicated short-range communication (DSRC) [1]
7 Conclusion and future work In this paper, we proposed an analytical model to evaluate the effect of the hidden terminals in 2-D vehicular ad-hoc network (VANET)
Summary
Vehicular communication known as vehicle-to-everything (V2X) is an integral part of the intelligent transportation system (ITS) for vehicle safety applications. During the transmission from the node vi, if any node in the set H(vi, vj) transmit at the vulnerable period, vj experiences collision cannot receive the packet, correctly This is called the hidden terminal problem in the broadcast communication for the vehicular ad-hoc networks and such collisions are called hidden terminal collisions. If any other node in the carrier sensing range starts transmitting with probability pf, the channel becomes busy, and the backoff counter of vi freezes with the current value. Once vi senses channel as busy with probability pf, which occurs when other nodes in the carrier sensing range of vi start the transmission, the counter of vi freezes for the F slots. By using the Markov chain normalization condition, we determine π00 as follows
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