Abstract
Algorithms for solving heterogeneous azeotropic distillations at total reflux (D=0) and at infinite reflux (L0→∞) are proposed. Using the total reflux algorithm, the characteristics of distillation profiles of ethanol dehydration with benzene are analyzed. Furthermore, a procedure for determining the amount of entrainer required for start-up of the azeotropic column is proposed. The effects of feed compositions and holdup distribution on the entrainer amount required at start-up are discussed. Using the infinite reflux algorithm, a two-column distillation system of ethanol dehydration with benzene is investigated, and an effective operation region for the entrainer makeup is found. The minimum theoretical stage number of the azeotropic column is also determined from the calculated results at infinite reflux.
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