Analysis of HEPH Gene Polymorphism on the X Chromosome for Identification of Wild Boar and Domestic Pig

Abstract

On practical material (samples of wild boar and seven main breeds of domestic pig in Belarus), we confirmed the high differentiating potential of H3GA0051814 polymorphism (HEPH gene). To differentiate between wild boar and domestic pig, we proposed a test model of three SNPs—H3GA0051814 (HEPH), c.367G>A (MC1R), and g.299084751C>T (NR6A1). This model compares favorably with existing approaches, primarily in its versatility (suitable for differentiation, including domestic breeds of pigs of Asian origin), as well as high accuracy (99.14%) and specificity (100%). Using HRM analysis, we developed a quick and simple approach to differentiation based on the proposed test model, which is designed to reduce the time and financial costs of molecular genetic testing, as well as reduce the risk of cross-contamination, because the process is one-stage (the stages of restriction and electrophoresis are excluded).