Abstract
The ambient temperature has a great influence on the discharge and charging performance of a lithium battery, which may cause thermal runaway of the battery pack in extreme cases. In terms of the poor cooling effect caused by only using the cooling bottom plate for liquid cooling and the fact that the battery pack needs to be preheated before it can be used normally, a new cooling structure design was carried out, and a variety of cooling schemes and preheating schemes were proposed for analysis and comparison. The Star ccm+ simulation software was used to analyze and study their liquid cooling performance and preheating performance under different conditions. The best cooling scheme and preheating scheme were obtained by comparing the results of the simulation analysis. The simulation results show that the cooling performance of the cooling scheme using two vertical cooling plates and one cooling bottom plate is the best, and the preheating performance is best when the preheating liquid is used with a certain temperature flow through the preheating pipe of the battery pack for a period of time, and then the battery pack is discharged until the battery pack temperature reaches the working temperature range. The research results have reference value for the control of the ambient temperature of a vehicle lithium iron phosphate battery.
Highlights
New energy vehicles powered by lithium batteries are gaining unprecedented attention and becoming more and more widely used [1]
It can be seen that when the ambient temperature is −15 ◦ C, the preheated temperature of the battery pack using the mixed solution of this concentration is approximately 1.3 K and 2.2 K
When the target solution with a certain temperature flowing through the of entire battery pack whentemperature the ambient temperature is −15 ◦ C and the power battery pack is preheated with a 50% mixed solution, it will take around 700 s to preheat the temperature of the power battery pack to 285 K
Summary
New energy vehicles powered by lithium batteries are gaining unprecedented attention and becoming more and more widely used [1]. This will reduce the capacity of the lithium battery, so they cannot provide the best performance At this time, thermal runaway or even safety accidents can occur due to the use of high current charging, so the preheating of the battery pack is very important under low-temperature conditions. There are loopholes in the battery thermal management system, which causes the heat generated during driving to accumulate, and the temperature may be too high to cause a fire; during a collision with a foreign object, the original battery pack structure is deformed, resulting in leakage of the coolant or tilting of the battery, leading to fire [11]. In the third section, the design of the new cooling scheme based on liquid cooling is simulated and analyzed, and the conditions of discharge rate, coolant flow rate, number of cooling channels and number of cooling plates are changed to select the best cooling scheme; we carry out response surface optimization analysis to further optimize the scheme
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