Analysis of Growth and Enzyme Contents of Papain Callus Papaya (Carica papaya L.) Through Tissue Culture Engineering with Saccharomyces cerevisiae Elicitors on MS and VW Media

Abstract

Papaya plants are the main source of chemical compounds commonly used in the pharmaceutical industry and food additives. The use of papaya plants in both industries is due to the enzyme content of papain which contains bio-molecular protein compounds as a catalyst to accelerate inorganic chemical reactions either as a treatment or food treatment purpose. Papaya’s papain enzyme is a proteolytic enzyme that is secreted through the isolation of papaya’s sap. One of the efforts to increase papain content in papaya is through tissue culture using papaya leaf explants and elicitation techniques with the addition elicitor of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in MS and VW medium. This study to analyze: (1) papaya callus quantias with the added elicitor of S.cerevisiae on MS and VW medium; (2) compact or friable callus quality with the added elicitor of S.cerevisiae on MS and VW medium; (3) the results of the increase in the enzyme content of papain in papaya leaf callus in MS and VW media which had been added with S.cerevisiae elicitor. The research method used a completely randomized design (CRD) factorial of two factors with four samples and six replications consisting of four samples. Factorial treatment as follows: Factor I (Media) consisting of M1 (MS); M2 (VW). Factor II S.cerevisiae in MS and VW medium. The results showed that: (1) the treatment of MS medium and S.cerevisiae elicitor of 25 mg dry matter (DM)/L was able to produce the number of callus realization of other treatments; (2) All treatments of S.cerevisiae elicitor in medium produced compact callus quality; (3) Addition of S.cerevisiae elicitor of 25 mg DM/ L and VW medium as the highest producer of papain enzyme content in papaya leaf callus.