Analysis of greenhouse gas emissions using forest biomass as fuel in the drying process of agricultural crops

Abstract

Greenhouse gas emissions into the atmosphere, primarily resulting from the use of fossil fuels, have become an increasing concern regarding global warming. Given this scenario, it is necessary to develop actions that help reduce the gases emitted by different sectors. Forest biomass, as an alternative fuel, contributes to the sustainability of consuming sectors, as forests help remove carbon from the atmosphere, compensating for CO2 emissions, and it is also a source with excellent energy potential. Therefore, the present study aims to analyze gas emissions from the use of forest biomass as a renewable fuel during the drying process of agricultural crops, verifying whether the emissions comply with the limits established by legislation. The results indicate emission values exceeding the limits established by FEPAM Technical Guideline No. 001/2018, but in compliance with CONAMA Resolution No. 436/2011 for CO, with 1,439.61 mg/Nm³ for the Kepler furnace and 2,135.80 mg/Nm³ for the FOJS 24ª210V. Both are within the stipulated limits for NOx emissions, with 107.59 mg/Nm³ for the Kepler furnace and 127.34 mg/Nm³ for the FOJS 24ª210V. Forest biomass is an excellent alternative; however, it is important to conduct further studies to analyze the structural characteristics of furnaces, as well as the use of different types of biomasses, considering their physical and chemical characteristics, to achieve good efficiency while reducing gas emissions.