Abstract
<p>The investigation of genetic similarity involved <em>Festuca rubra</em> L. and <em>Festuca nigrescens</em> Lam. ecotypes. The study plants originated from sub-populations in the south-eastern part of Poland. The analysis of the genetic similarity was performed by the PCR technique with the use of semi-specific primers targeting 12–18 bp long plant gene sequences from the exon targeting (ET) and intron targeting (IT) group. The investigations were carried out using 21 primers. In total, 735 DNA fragments were obtained, out of which the individual primers amplified from 16 (ET 10/18mer) to 56 (ET 11/18mer) fragments. On average, one primer yielded 32.38 polymorphic products from 11 (IT 28/12mer) to 56 (ET 11/18mer). In total, 680 (91.62%) polymorphic products were obtained. The primers used generated PCR products which exhibited high polymorphism. In the case of the 18-nucleotide primers, the number of amplified polymorphic fragments was more than 96%.</p><p>Based on the results obtained, it was found that Nei's genetic similarity for the <em>Festuca rubra</em> and <em>Festuca nigrescens</em> sub-populations analysed was high enough to correspond to the sub-species status. The genetic similarity between ecotypes of the species is closely related to the site of occurrence of the genotypes studied. The highest similarity was found between ecotypes growing in the immediate vicinity of each other.</p>.
Highlights
The genus Festuca contains about 300 species
In the study conducted by Markgraf - Dannenberd (1980), they have a status of species with numerous sub-species, i.e. Festuca rubra L. subsp.: arenaria, asperifolia, juncea, litoralis, pruinosa, rubra, thessalica, and Festuca nigrescens Lam. subsp.: microphylla, nigrescens
The sequences supplemented with oligonucleotides with random sequences of 3, 6 and 9 bases in length yield sets of 12, 15 and 18-nucleotide exon targeting (ET) and intron targeting (IT) primers (Table 2)
Summary
The genus Festuca contains about 300 species. In Flora Europaea, Markgraf - Dannenberd (1980) divided them into several sections. The most numerous is the section Festuca ovinae Hackel. The group of F. rubra sensu Hackel. (with its 21 species) derives from this section, with fourteen species combined in a group called F. rubra aggregate (cretacea, cyrnea, diffusa, junicifolia, nevadensis, nigrescens, oelandica, pseudotrichophylla, pyrenaica, richardsoni, rivularis, rothmaleri, rubra, trichophylla). The botanical literature presents a variety of taxonomic concepts of the two Festuca rubra L. and Festuca nigrescens Lam. taxa. In the study conducted by Markgraf - Dannenberd (1980), they have a status of species with numerous sub-species, i.e. Festuca rubra L. subsp.: arenaria, asperifolia, juncea, litoralis, pruinosa, rubra, thessalica, and Festuca nigrescens Lam. subsp.: microphylla, nigrescens. According to Hubbard (1973), these species are regarded as lower-rank taxa: Festuca rubra L. subsp. According to Hubbard (1973), these species are regarded as lower-rank taxa: Festuca rubra L. subsp. rubra and Festuca rubra L. subsp. commutata Gaud
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