Abstract
Purpose We aimed to evaluate foveal and parafoveal density using optical coherence tomography angiography and the alteration on the retinal vessel diameter in patients with inactive Graves' ophthalmopathy compared to age-matched normal population. Materials and Methods. Patients with inactive Graves' ophthalmopathy (study group) and healthy individuals (control group) were enrolled in the cross sectionally designed study. The optical coherence tomography angiography parameters and retinal vessel diameter measurements were assessed between the study and control groups. Foveal and parafoveal microvascular density in the retina was measured using optical coherence tomography angiography. Retinal artery and vein diameter and artery/vein ratio were assessed for retinal vessel caliber changes. Results Patients with inactive Graves' ophthalmopathy had higher values of intraocular pressure, proptosis, and axial length (P=0.001, P=0.001, P=0.001, P=0.001, P=0.001, P=0.001, P=0.001, P=0.001, P=0.001, P=0.001, P=0.001, Conclusion Optical coherence tomography angiography could be a novel and promising noninvasive diagnostic technique in patients with inactive Graves' ophthalmopathy to detect foveal and parafoveal vessel density changes compared to healthy subjects. The decrease of retinal vessel diameter might be observed in patients with inactive graves ophthalmopathy.
Highlights
Graves’ disease (GD), with an approximately 5% incidence, is a systemic autoimmune disease-causing various impairment of the thyroid gland, skin, and orbit [1]. yroid eye disease (TED) is the same as Graves’ ophthalmopathy (GO) or thyroid-associated orbitopathy (TAO)
The certain mechanism of thyroid eye disease (TED) is not clear, it is thought that the circulating antibodies produced against the antigens (such as the thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSH-R), thyrotropin receptor, and insulin-like receptor) of the thyroid gland may attack the orbit which has the similar antigens like the thyroid gland [3]. is leads to activation of cytokine cascade, chemokines and orbital fibroblast proliferation and mucopolysaccharide infiltration, Journal of Ophthalmology inflammatory causing cells, T/B cells, and immune complexes
∗∗Statistical analysis was calculated by independent samples t-test, ∗statistically significant, Central retinal thickness (CRT): central retinal thickness, Parafoveal_S: superior parafoveal vessel density, Parafoveal_T: temporal parafoveal vessel density, Parafoveal_I: inferior parafoveal vessel density, and Parafoveal_N: nasal parafoveal vessel density
Summary
Analysis of Foveal and Parafoveal Microvascular Density and Retinal Vessel Caliber Alteration in Inactive Graves’ Ophthalmopathy. Received 24 November 2019; Revised 11 February 2020; Accepted 24 February 2020; Published 23 March 2020
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