Abstract
Current software simulation tools in integrated optics allow to tackle directly a multitude of complex problems which occur in high index contrast waveguiding. Appropriate eigenmode solvers and propagation schemes account for the vectorial character of the fields, and transmissive and reflective device properties can be derived. For the fibre-chip coupling of high index contrast waveguides the field matching requires to decrease the mode diameter by more than an order of magnitude. If photonic crystal waveguides are considered, the match of impedance and phase additionally call for attention. Generalized coupling integrals based on the modes at both sides of an interface take all these effects into account. This allows for an efficient analysis of conventional waveguide to photonic crystal waveguide interfaces. Moreover, free-space to waveguide coupling can be analysed as well, if an appropriate field transfer from vectorial raytrace to wave propagation is implemented. Thus, the design of hybrid mode transforming optics for fibre-chip coupling including micro-lenses and integrated waveguide taper structures can be addressed.
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