Abstract
Traffic accidents, which continue to increase from year to year in Turkey and in the world, have become a huge problem that can result in serious traumas, injuries, and deaths, as well as their material and moral consequences. Many studies have been carried out in the world and in Turkey to reduce the number of traffic accidents, but these studies have not been very effective in reducing accidents. In this study, 3105 fatal or injured traffic accidents between 2010–2017 in Sarıyer district of Istanbul, Turkey’s largest city in terms of population, were discussed. We analyzed the statistical information on the subject in detail within the framework of geographic information systems. It has been tried to determine the sections where traffic accidents are concentrated in this region with studies based on spatial methods. Thematic accident map was created according to the accident types. In this context, the advantages and disadvantages of these methods were compared using Point Density, Kernel Density, Getis Ord Gi*, and Anselin Local Moran’s I (LISA) Spatial Autocorrelation. In addition, in order to observe the change in accidents, thematic accident and Kernel Density maps were created separately according to accident occurrence types in the beginning and last year. From this point of view, the changes that occurred in the accidents were interpreted. The current study determined that the most accidents were on some streets and these streets divided into regions in a plan. The cases were examined with statistical analyses according to accident types and using the Kernel Density method. In addition, it has been observed that Kernel Density method gives better visual results than other spatial methods. In this study, spatial analysis and statistical analysis methods were used to evaluate traffic accidents more realistically. The day of the week effect and month of the year effect on traffic accidents was investigated for the first time. In addition, it is proposed to bring a new approach to the prevention of traffic accidents by using hotspot, accident type, and day of the week effect.
Highlights
This study first made analyses with statistical information about traffic accident density and interpreted the results obtained in the significance analysis of the accidents according to the day of the week effects, the month of the year effect, and year effects
The day of the week effect approach, which is applied in finance and tries to reveal the stocks called anomalies, has been tried to reveal whether traffic accidents are different on a day-by-day basis [46,47,48]
We attempted to investigate whether the traffic accidents that occurred between 2010–2017 have anomalies in terms of day of the week effect and the month of the year effect variables
Summary
One of the important problems of Turkey is traffic accidents. Thousands of people lose their lives and are seriously injured in traffic accidents that occur every year. Hundreds of thousands of liras are lost in traffic accidents every year. According to the Highway Traffic Accident Statistics of the Turkish Statistical Institute, 1,202,716 accidents occurred even in 2017, 1,020,047 of them resulted in material damage, and 182,669 of them resulted in death or death and injury [1]
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