Analysis of Experimental Cross-Sections of Charge Exchange between Hydrogen Atoms and Protons Yields More Evidence of the Existence of the Second Flavor of Hydrogen Atoms

Eugene Oks

doi:10.3390/foundations1020019

Abstract

Measurements of cross-sections of charge exchange between hydrogen atoms and low energy protons (down to the energy ~10 eV) revealed a noticeable discrepancy with previous theories. The experimental cross-sections were systematically slightly higher—beyond the error margins—than the theoretical predictions. In the present paper, we study whether this discrepancy can be eliminated or at least reduced by using the Second Flavor of Hydrogen Atoms (SFHA) in calculations. We show that for the SFHA, the corresponding cross-section is noticeably larger than for the usual hydrogen atoms. We demonstrate that the allowance for the SFHA does bring the theoretical cross-sections in a noticeably better agreement with the corresponding experiments within the experimental error margins. This seems to constitute yet another evidence from atomic experiments that the SFHA is present within the mixture of hydrogen atoms. In combination with the first corresponding piece of evidence from the analysis of atomic experiments (concerning the distribution of the linear momentum in the ground state of hydrogen atoms), as well as with the astrophysical evidence from two different kinds of observations (the anomalous absorption of the redshifted 21 cm radio line from the early universe and the smoother distribution of dark matter than that predicted by the standard cosmology), the results of the present paper reinforce the status of the SFHA as the candidate for dark matter, or at least for a part of it.

Highlights

Measurements of cross-sections of charge exchanges between hydrogen atoms and low energy protons, such as, e.g., experiments by Fite et al [1], Fite et al [2], and Belyaev et al [3], revealed a noticeable discrepancy with previous theories
In paper [4], we showed analytically that there is a slight difference in cross-sections of charge exchange between the usual hydrogen atoms and protons in comparison to charge exchange between the Second Flavor of Hydrogen Atoms (SFHA) and protons
The purpose of the present paper is to find out whether, by using the SFHA, one can eliminate, or at least reduce, the aforementioned discrepancy between the experimental and theoretical cross-sections of charge exchange involving hydrogen atoms and low energy protons

Summary

Introduction

Measurements of cross-sections of charge exchanges between hydrogen atoms and low energy protons (down to the energy ~10 eV), such as, e.g., experiments by Fite et al [1], Fite et al [2], and Belyaev et al [3], revealed a noticeable discrepancy with previous theories. The author of paper [5] eliminated a huge discrepancy—by many orders of magnitude—between the experimental and theoretical distributions of the linear momentum in the ground state of hydrogen atoms.

Objectives

Results

Conclusion