Analysis of Existing Disaster Risk Reduction Programs and Enhancement of Capacity Development for Health Risks from Floods in Western Balkan

Abstract

Natural hazards are a result of changing climate and environmental conditions and, as such, they are inevitable. However, the scale of the negative outcomes of these natural hazards can be significantly reduced through management and adequate preparation. Therefore, integration of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) policies and programs with risk management is necessary in order to reduce the impact of disastrous situations, and Capacity Development is the catalyst for the successful implementation of such programs. This paper presents an analysis of international frameworks for risk reduction such as the Hyogo Framework for Action (HFA), the Sendai Framework, the South Eastern Europe Disaster Risk Mitigation and Adaptation Programme (SEEDRMAP), as well as few individual national programs within the Western Balkan countries. After analyzing the aforementioned programs and policies, special emphasis has been given to the need for capacity development for human health factors in regards to flooding (the most frequent natural hazard in the region). The revision showed poorly addressed human health effects (physical and mental) caused directly or indirectly by floods in the region. Therefore, the paper presents several recommendations which could foster implementation of prerequisites for those absent policies and programs for human health, with final aim to contribute to healthier solutions during the aftermath of flooding for people in the Western Balkan area.