Analysis of eosinophil count as a predictor of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)

Abstract

Background: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a malignancy of blood cells in many children. Predicting the severity of ALL is important for treatment. An easy and cheap marker is eosinophil count. This study aims to analyze eosinophil count as a predictor of ALL severity. Methods: Retrospective study using medical record data of 76 ALL patients from January 2020 to September 2021 was conducted at RSUP Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital. Patients are classified as ALL remission and relapses. Eosinophil Count based on routine blood test results using Sysmex XN-1000. Statistical Test using Kolmogorov-Smirnov test to assess data normality, Mann-Whitney test, eosinophil count diagnostic values analyzed with ROC curve to assess AUC and determination of cut-off value. The test results are significant if p<0.05. Results: The sample consisted of 59 ALL remissions and 17 ALL relapses. The mean eosinophil was found to be significantly lower in the relapse patient (0.19) than in the Remission patient (0.47) (p<0.05). Based on the ROC curve, the value AUC = 0.660 and significant (p<0.05). This shows that the cut-off value of eosinophil count can be used as a prognostic value for the status of ALL patients. ROC curve shows the sensitivity and specificity of the eosinophil count is 70.6% and 54.2% at a cut-off of 0.15. Conclusion: Eosinophil Count can be used as a prognostic value for the status of ALL patients with a cut-off value of 0.15. The eosinophil count was lower in the relapse patients than in the remission patients.