Analysis of Environmental Emission Neat Diesel-Biodiesel–Algae Oil-Nanometal Additives in Compression Ignition Engines

Raviteja Surakasi,Sumantha Bhattacharya,Tushar Choudhary,Velivela Lakshmikanth Chowdary,Piyush Singhal,Mohd Yunus Khan,Bharat Singh,Arif Senol Sener,Karthikeyan Sathasivam

doi:10.1155/2022/3660233

Abstract

The production of biodiesel as an alternative fuel and its use as a mixture and other additives are presented. In the present research work, additive blends with diesel biodiesel from algae oil are physically characterised and an analysis of pollutant emissions is carried out when used in an ignition engine by compression. The measurement of pollutant emissions is carried out through a combined emission analyzer adapted to a system of valves attached to the experimental facility. The properties of each mixture with the polluting emissions are compared with that of the reference diesel. It was found that each of the properties improves compared to that of diesel, reducing most emissions in the use of mixtures with biodiesel.

Highlights

Natural resources such as oil, natural gas, and coal have a wide range of applications in science and technology; these resources and their derivatives are widely utilised in power plants, boilers, and some car engines to meet people’s demands worldwide
The engine was operated in all tests at 1000 rpm without load; the power and the specific fuel consumption are not measured in the experiment
This study is aimed at analyzing polluting emissions from mixtures between B20+CeO2100ppm, B20+CuO100ppm, B20, and diesel to evaluate its use in compression ignition engines

Summary

Introduction

Natural resources such as oil, natural gas, and coal have a wide range of applications in science and technology; these resources and their derivatives are widely utilised in power plants, boilers, and some car engines to meet people’s demands worldwide. High lubricating properties and improved thermal efficiency due to a high compression ratio decreased fuel consumption, reduced sulphur dioxide emissions, and increased engine operating safety due to its high flash point [3]. Biodiesel as a fuel alternative can only be utilised in compression ignition engines, provided it meets the worldwide standard biodiesel criteria. Before utilising biodiesel in a diesel engine with compression ignition, it must meet the ASTM D6751 and EN 14214 criteria. The physicochemical qualities of the fuel used in an engine are vital in determining performance and emissions: injection pressure, compression ratio, ignition delay, air-fuel ratio, and chamber turbulence. According to the high latent heat of vaporisation and lower combustion temperature, ternary fuel mixing yields reduced NOx, smoke, and higher HC and CO emissions. Adding ethanol in biodiesel mixtures results in higher fuel consumption and CO and HC emissions, but decreased NOx emissions [6]. In a compression ignition engine, each fuel is characterised by its harmful emissions of NOx, CO, CO2, HC, and PM

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