Analysis of Energy Consumption of Virtual MIMO Wireless Sensor Network

Abstract

In order to solve the problem that the existing virtual multiple-input multiple-output (Virtual MIMO) routing algorithm isn't suitable to isomorphism wireless sensor network, virtual MIMO clustering (VMC) algorithm which is applicable to small and medium scale isomorphism WSN is proposed. By combining the energy-efficient virtual MIMO communication technology with the method that cluster heads are selected randomly and cyclically, energy load of network is balanced and life of WSN is extended. We build energy test platform of wireless sensor network with microcontroller MSP430F135 and wireless radio transceiver chip CC2420. The relation between transmitting power and the RSSI is researched by the experimental platform in greenhouse, the path loss factor is solved, and the energy model of virtual MIMO clustering network is created. Then, we focus on the effect of the network size, node density and path loss factor on the virtual MIMO WSN energy-saving performance. To achieve the optimization objective that the longest life of the network, we adopt the genetic algorithm to optimize the ratio of cluster head which is a key parameter of WSN. The simulation results show that the VMC has more energy-efficient and longer lifetime than LEACH. When the parameters of network structure are appropriate, the lifetime can be extended several times.