Abstract
The unprecedented growth of connected devices, together with the remarkable convergence of a wide variety of technologies, have led to an exponential increase in the services that the internet of things (IoT) can offer, all aimed at improving quality of life. Consequently, in order to meet the numerous challenges this produces, the IoT has become a major subject of research. One of these challenges is the reduction of energy consumption given the significant limitations of some devices. In addition, although the search for energy efficiency was initially focused on hardware, it has become a concern for software developers too. In fact, it has become an intense area of research with the principal objective of analyzing and optimizing the energy consumption of software systems. This research analyzes the energy saving that can be achieved when using a broad set of techniques for writing energy-efficient code for Raspberry Pi devices. It also demonstrates that programmers can save more energy if they apply the proposed techniques manually than when relying on other automatic optimization options offered by the GNU compiler collection (GCC). Thus, it is important that programmers are aware of the significant impact these techniques can have on an application’s energy consumption.
Highlights
The internet of things (IoT) has experienced exponential growth in recent years, and it is increasingly improving the services it offers, thanks to the remarkable convergence of a wide variety of technologies such as sensors, wireless communications and Internet protocols, among others
This significantly reduces the chances of further improving the results by applying energy-efficient code. The application of these twenty-five techniques achieves significant energy savings and their improvements are similar in the four models of Raspberry Pi used
A set of twenty-five techniques have been analyzed to demonstrate their effectiveness for writing energy-efficient code for Raspberry Pi boards
Summary
The internet of things (IoT) has experienced exponential growth in recent years, and it is increasingly improving the services it offers, thanks to the remarkable convergence of a wide variety of technologies such as sensors, wireless communications and Internet protocols, among others. IoT currently has an unlimited scope of application, and it is being implemented in all types of devices used in areas as diverse as homes, businesses, industries, transport systems, and even wearable technology and medical devices. With the constant expansion of IoT applications into everyday use, single-board computers (SBC). Have become key devices that are being extensively used in all types of projects, since, its computing function is limited, they are highly suitable for implementing low-power mobile systems in an inexpensive way due to their compact design, excellent cost/performance ratio, and low energy consumption. Raspberry Pi (RPi) [1] boards are among the most highly demanded SBC devices RPi are very cost-effective computers, with a high cost–benefit ratio and appropriate size (3.5 × 2.3 × 0.76 inches), whose performance cannot be compared to that of high end servers, Electronics 2019, 8, 1192; doi:10.3390/electronics8101192 www.mdpi.com/journal/electronics
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