Abstract
Powerful lasers interacting with solid targets can generate intense electromagnetic pulses (EMPs). In this study, EMPs produced by a pulsed laser (1 ps, 100 J) shooting at CH targets doped with different titanium (Ti) contents at the XG-III laser facility are measured and analyzed. The results demonstrate that the intensity of EMPs first increases with Ti doping content from 1% to 7% and then decreases. The electron spectra show that EMP emission is closely related to the hot electrons ejected from the target surface, which is confirmed by an analysis based on the target–holder–ground equivalent antenna model. The conclusions of this study provide a new approach to achieve tunable EMP radiation by adjusting the metal content of solid targets, and will also help in understanding the mechanism of EMP generation and ejection of hot electrons during laser coupling with targets.
Highlights
INTRODUCTIONInertial confinement fusion (ICF) has attracted enormous attention owing to its potential as a green energy source and its use for investigating physical processes under extreme conditions. It has been shown that interaction of a high-intensity laser pulse with a target is critical for achieving ICF2,3 together with the production of a large amount of X-rays, plasmas, and energetic electrons. this process is accompanied by the generation of high-intensity (>several hundreds of kiloelectronvolt per meter), wideband (tens of megahertz–5 GHz) electromagnetic pulses (EMPs), which reduce the accuracy of experimental data collection, but can result in malfunction of diagnostic equipment
Inertial confinement fusion (ICF) has attracted enormous attention owing to its potential as a green energy source and its use for investigating physical processes under extreme conditions.1,2 It has been shown that interaction of a high-intensity laser pulse with a target is critical for achieving ICF2,3 together with the production of a large amount of X-rays,4–7 plasmas,8,9 and energetic electrons.10,11 this process is accompanied by the generation of high-intensity (>several hundreds of kiloelectronvolt per meter),12,13 wideband electromagnetic pulses (EMPs),14–18 which reduce the accuracy of experimental data collection, but can result in malfunction of diagnostic equipment.16,19,20It has been found that plasmas produced by the laser–matter interaction are responsible for the generation of X-rays, electrons, and ions, while EMPs stem mainly from energetic hot electrons escaping from the target
The conclusions of this study provide a new approach to achieve tunable EMP radiation by adjusting the metal content of solid targets, and will help in understanding the mechanism of EMP generation and ejection of hot electrons during laser coupling with targets
Summary
Inertial confinement fusion (ICF) has attracted enormous attention owing to its potential as a green energy source and its use for investigating physical processes under extreme conditions. It has been shown that interaction of a high-intensity laser pulse with a target is critical for achieving ICF2,3 together with the production of a large amount of X-rays, plasmas, and energetic electrons. this process is accompanied by the generation of high-intensity (>several hundreds of kiloelectronvolt per meter), wideband (tens of megahertz–5 GHz) electromagnetic pulses (EMPs), which reduce the accuracy of experimental data collection, but can result in malfunction of diagnostic equipment.. It has been shown that interaction of a high-intensity laser pulse with a target is critical for achieving ICF2,3 together with the production of a large amount of X-rays, plasmas, and energetic electrons.. It has been shown that interaction of a high-intensity laser pulse with a target is critical for achieving ICF2,3 together with the production of a large amount of X-rays, plasmas, and energetic electrons.10,11 This process is accompanied by the generation of high-intensity (>several hundreds of kiloelectronvolt per meter), wideband (tens of megahertz–5 GHz) electromagnetic pulses (EMPs), which reduce the accuracy of experimental data collection, but can result in malfunction of diagnostic equipment.. The mechanisms of electron transport and electromagnetic radiation during laser interaction with Al and CH targets of different thicknesses were investigated, and the effects of the emitted electrons on EMP generation were analyzed.. The resulting conclusions are significant for a thorough understanding of the physical processes related to electromagnetic radiation and electrons emitted from laser–plasma interaction, as well as for providing guidance with regard to improvements in potential applications of strong EMPs, such as electromagnetic pulse weapons, mineral extraction, and material forming technology.
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