Analysis of Effective Factors on Presence of Citizens in Urban Spaces, Case Study: Towhid Square in Tehran

Sadegh Sabouri,Amin Khakpour,Minoo Harirchian

doi:10.5539/jsd.v10n3p35

Abstract

This study attempts to respond the question that “which factors and indices are effective on citizen’s presence in urban spaces?” This is important because by identifying and analyzing this factors and indices, it could be possible to improve weaknesses and promoting strengths of each urban spaces. In Towhid Square, the inadequate space for citizens and the dominance of car traffic over pedestrians are some of the most reasons of lack of presence of citizens in the square as an urban space. The study is analytic and the data is collected from library and fieldwork. Cochran’s formula is applied to determine sample size which is 149. In the next step, by reviewing literature, indices were extracted. After providing questionnaire based on indices and by Likert Scale, we applied it to the case study and completed the survey. In data analysis, SPSS ®17 software is used and in the final step of analyses, four factors are achieved. The results of the study show, despite the hypotheses, the most important factor of non-presence (in contrast with passing) of citizens in Towhid square is “management” factor which is leading to the creation of other inhibiting elements of citizen’s presence in urban space.

Highlights

In Iran in the past, the square was any wide and extensive location
The main square of the city was the main gathering location of people. These main squares consisted of various public buildings or spaces such as mosque, bazar, great city reservoir and so forth like the Sabze Meydan (Sabze square) of Tehran or Sabze Meydan of Qazvin
If the correlation between variables is less than 10-5, we encountered with severe correlation error between variables (Zebardast, 2014). This error has not been made due to our determinant (1.11E-005) which is correlation between indices

Summary

Introduction

In Iran in the past, the square was any wide and extensive location. The square is referred to a big and open space in which livestock, vegetable; fruit, coal, and stray were sold. These squares were commercial ones and until now, such places are called square, as “fruit and Vegetable Square”. The main square of the city was the main gathering location of people. These main squares consisted of various public buildings or spaces such as mosque, bazar, great city reservoir and so forth like the Sabze Meydan (Sabze square) of Tehran or Sabze Meydan of Qazvin

Methods

Results

Conclusion