ANALYSIS OF DRUG-INDUCED ANAPHYLAXIS CASES USING THE JAPANESE ADVERSE DRUG EVENT REPORT DATABASE

Abstract

The epidemiology of drug-induced anaphylaxis (AN) using the Japanese nationwide database has not been reported, even though drugs are a common trigger of AN. This study aimed to describe the epidemiological profile of drug-induced AN, including fatal cases, using the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report database (JADER). We extracted data regarding drug-induced adverse events between April 2004 and February 2018 published in JADER by the Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency. We analyzed cases of anaphylaxis occurring between January 2005 and December 2017. The drug classification was based on the Japanese Standard Commodity Classification. There were 16916 cases of anaphylaxis reported during the study period. Among them, 418 fatalities were registered. The incidence of drug-induced AN and fatal cases was 1.03 cases/year per 100000 population and 0.03 cases/year, respectively. The most frequent causes of AN were diagnostic agents including X-ray contrast media (20.3%) and biological agents including human blood preparations (20.1%). In fatal cases, diagnostic agents (28.7%) and antibiotics (23.9%) were the most frequent causes. The frequency of drug-induced AN and fatalities in Japan remained unchanged over the 12-year period analyzed in this study. Diagnostic and biological agents were the most frequent causes of AN. Contrarily, fatalities were most frequently caused by diagnostic and antibiotic agents.