Abstract
Turbulent flow is a difficult issue in fluid dynamics, the rules of which have not been totally revealed up to now. Fluid in turbulent state will result in a greater frictional force, which must consume great energy. Therefore, it is not only an important influence in saving energy and improving energy utilization rate but also an extensive application prospect in many fields, such as ship domain and aerospace. Firstly, bionic drag reduction technology is reviewed and is a hot research issue now, the drag reduction mechanism of body surface structure is analyzed, such as sharks, earthworms, and dolphins. Besides, we make a thorough study of drag reduction characteristics and mechanisms of microgrooved surface and compliant wall. Then, the relevant drag reduction technologies and mechanisms are discussed, focusing on the microbubbles, the vibrant flexible wall, the coating, the polymer drag reduction additives, superhydrophobic surface, jet surface, traveling wave surface drag reduction, and the composite drag reduction methods. Finally, applications and advancements of the drag reduction technology in turbulence are prospected.
Highlights
With the rapid increase of energy consumption, energy problem has been a global issue, which must be faced with and solved
In today’s world, bionics has undergone rapid development, some research achievements have applied in people’s daily life, for example, ultrasonic testing was invented by researching the bat [10], and riblet surface drag reduction was proposed by observing the shark when swimming [11]
The turbulent drag reduction technique a case turbulence theory applied to engineering has good development prospects
Summary
With the rapid increase of energy consumption, energy problem has been a global issue, which must be faced with and solved. Scientists have found that the surface structures of many creatures are nonsmooth, the skins of sharks and dolphins have distributed many flakelike rib structures [4], which can change the skin’s surface structure of turbulent layer and velocity distribution when the shark is swimming [5], while the earthworm’s back can secrete some milk-white liquids, having wetting function and being able to reduce soil adhesion to the animal’s body surface, which can research the goal of drag reduction [6]. Applied Bionics and Biomechanics (a) Spiny dogfish skin (b) Tiger shark skin (c) Rib surface imitation of shark skin (d) Coating material imitation of shark skin
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