Abstract
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a grain. It is the seed of grass species. It is used as a cereal and a staple food in many countries. It is an annual plant, a monocot, and its chromosome number is 24. Rice crop faces many biotic and abiotic stresses that cause different diseases. Rice discoloration causes the main quality defect in rice, decreasing the demand for export rice. Grain discoloration of rice was established to be a severe disease in Pakistan and other rice-producing countries, causing huge damage to the yield and quality of the seed, declining the commercial significance of the crop. The disease has been detected as widespread with the introduction of high-yielding varieties and cultural management practice.
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